Dyeing composition comprising at least one fatty substance, at least one oxidizing agent and at least one non-ionic, anionic and amphoteric surfactant

ABSTRACT

The subject of the present invention is a composition for dyeing human keratin fibres such as the hair, comprising: (a) at least one colouring agent chosen from oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes and mixtures thereof; (b) at least one amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant; (c) at least one non-ionic surfactant; (d)at least one anionic surfactant (e) one or more fatty substances at a total content of at least 10% by weight relative to the weight of the composition; (f) at least one cationic polymer; (g) at least one oxidizing agent other than atmospheric oxygen. The present invention also relates to a process for dyeing human keratin fibres, in which this composition is applied to said fibres, and also to a suitable multicompartment device.

The subject of the present invention is a dyeing composition comprisingcolouring agents chosen from oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes andmixtures thereof, at least one amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant, atleast one non-ionic surfactant and at least one anionic surfactant, atleast 10% by weight of at least one fatty substance and at least oneoxidizing agent other than atmospheric oxygen, and also a dyeing processusing said composition. The present invention also relates to a suitablemulticompartment device.

Among the methods for dyeing human keratin fibres, such as the hair,mention may be made of oxidation dyeing or permanent dyeing. Moreparticularly, this form of dyeing uses one or more oxidation dyes,usually one or more oxidation bases optionally combined with one or morecouplers.

In general, the oxidation bases are chosen from ortho- orpara-phenylenediamines, ortho or para-aminophenols and heterocycliccompounds. These oxidation bases are colourless or weakly colouredcompounds which, when combined with oxidizing products, can give accessto coloured entities.

The shades obtained with these oxidation bases are often varied bycombining them with one or more couplers, these couplers being chosenespecially from aromatic meta-diamines, meta-aminophenols,meta-diphenols and certain heterocyclic compounds, such as indolecompounds.

The variety of the molecules used as oxidation bases and couplers allowsa rich range of colours to be obtained.

Permanent dyeing processes thus consist in using, with the dyecomposition containing the oxidation dyes, an aqueous compositioncomprising at least one oxidizing agent such as hydrogen peroxide, underalkaline pH conditions in the vast majority of cases. The alkaline agentconventionally used is aqueous ammonia or it may be chosen from otheralkaline agents, such as alkanolamines.

Recently, dyeing formulations comprising fatty substance contents higherthan the compositions thus far on the market have been developed. Theseformulations provide numerous advantages, in particular in that theymake it possible to reduce the aqueous ammonia content, thus providing avery clear improvement in the user's comfort (less of an unpleasantsmell and less of a risk of stinging), without any decrease in thedyeing effectiveness being observed, or even with it being increased.

However, such formulations are complex to process precisely because ofthis high fatty substance content and often result in a deterioration ofthe use qualities, such as the ease of application and the rinsability.

The objective of the present invention is therefore to improve the usequalities of dye compositions which are in particular in cream form,comprising high fatty substance contents, without causing any decreasein the dyeing effectiveness of such compositions.

This objective and others are achieved by the present invention, thesubject of which is thus a composition for dyeing human keratin fibres,such as the hair, comprising:

-   -   (a) at least one colouring agent chosen from oxidation dye        precursors, direct dyes and mixtures thereof;    -   (b) at least one amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant;    -   (c) at least one non-ionic surfactant;    -   (d) at least one anionic surfactant;    -   (e) one or more fatty substances at a total content of at least        10% by weight relative to the weight of the composition;    -   (f) at least one cationic polymer;    -   (g) at least one oxidizing agent other than atmospheric oxygen.

The invention also relates to a process for dyeing human keratin fibresin which said composition is applied.

The subject of the invention is also a multicompartment devicecomprising a compartment containing a composition free of oxidizingagent other than atmospheric oxygen, comprising at least one colouringagent chosen from oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes and mixturesthereof; and a compartment containing an oxidizing composition; both oreither of the compositions of the two compartments comprising at leastone fatty substance, at least one cationic polymer, at least oneamphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant, at least one non-ionicsurfactant, at least one anionic surfactant; the two compartments beingmixed before use so as to obtain a ready-to-use composition aspreviously defined.

The composition of the invention makes it possible to obtain good dyeingproperties, such as strength of the colour, resistance to externalagents (shampooing, perspiration, light) and homogeneity, which areparticularly efficient.

It also has a texture suitable for the application. Indeed, thecomposition according to the invention is easy to apply to the fibres.It rinses off easily after the leave-on time.

Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge moreclearly on reading the description and the examples that follow.

In the text hereinbelow, and unless otherwise indicated, the limits of arange of values are included in that range.

The term “at least one” associated with an ingredient of the compositionsignifies “one or more”.

The human keratin fibres treated by means of the process according tothe invention are preferably the hair.

Colouring Agents

As indicated previously, the dyeing composition according to theinvention comprises at least one colouring agent chosen from oxidationdye precursors, such as oxidation bases and couplers, direct dyes, andmixtures thereof.

Oxidation Dye Precursors

As oxidation dye precursors, use may be made of oxidation bases andcouplers.

By way of example, the oxidation bases are chosen frompara-phenylenediamines, bis(phenyl)alkylenediamines, para-aminophenols,ortho-aminophenols and heterocyclic bases, and the addition saltsthereof.

Among the para-phenylenediamines that may be mentioned, for example, arepara-phenylenediamine, para-tolylenediamine,2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine, 2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,5-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine, N,N-dipropyl-para-phenylenediamine,4-amino-N,N-diethyl-3-methylaniline,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,4-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylaniline,4-N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-chloroaniline,2-6-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-fluoro-para-phenylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β-hydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-hydroxymethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-dimethyl-3-methyl-para-phenylenediamine,N-ethyl-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β-dihydroxypropyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-(4′-aminophenyl)-para-phenylenediamine,N-phenyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,N-(β-methoxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine, 4-aminophenylpyrrolidine,2-thienyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2-β-hydroxyethylamino-5-aminotolueneand 3-hydroxy-1-(4′-aminophenyl)pyrrolidine, and the addition saltsthereof with an acid.

Preference is particularly given, among the abovementionedpara-phenylenediamines, to para-phenylenediamine, para-toluylenediamine,2-isopropyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-hydroxyethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine,2,6-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine, 2,6-diethyl-para-phenylenediamine,2,3-dimethyl-para-phenylenediamine,N,N-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-para-phenylenediamine,2-chloro-para-phenylenediamine,2-β-acetylaminoethyloxy-para-phenylenediamine and the addition saltsthereof with an acid.

Mention may be made, among bis(phenyl)alkylenediamines, by way ofexample, ofN,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)-1,3-diaminopropanol,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-aminophenyl)ethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(β-hydroxyethyl)-N,N′-bis(4-aminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(4-methylaminophenyl)tetramethylenediamine,N,N′-bis(ethyl)-N,N′-bis(4′-amino-3′-methylphenyl)ethylenediamine,1,8-bis(2,5-diaminophenoxy)-3,6-dioxaoctane and the addition saltsthereof.

Among the para-aminophenols that may be mentioned, for example, arepara-aminophenol, 4-amino-3-methylphenol, 4-amino-3-fluorophenol,4-amino-3-chlorophenol, 4-amino-3-hydroxymethylphenol,4-amino-2-methylphenol, 4-amino-2-hydroxymethylphenol,4-amino-2-methoxymethylphenol, 4-amino-2-aminomethylphenol,4-amino-2-(β-hydroxyethylaminomethyl)phenol and 4-amino-2-fluorophenol,and the addition salts thereof with an acid.

Among the ortho-aminophenols that may be mentioned, for example, are2-aminophenol, 2-amino-5-methylphenol, 2-amino-6-methylphenol and5-acetamido-2-aminophenol, and the addition salts thereof.

Among the heterocyclic bases, mention may be made, by way of example, ofpyridine derivatives, pyrimidine derivatives and pyrazole derivatives.

Mention may be made, among the pyridine derivatives, of the compoundsdescribed, for example, in patents GB 1 026 978 and GB 1 153 196, suchas 2,5-diaminopyridine, 2-(4-methoxyphenyl)amino-3-aminopyridine,3,4-diaminopyridine, and the addition salts thereof.

Other pyridine oxidation bases of use in the present invention are the3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine oxidation bases or addition salts thereofdescribed, for example, in patent application FR 2 801 308. Mention maybe made, by way of example, of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrid-3-ylamine,2-(acetylamino)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrid-3-ylamine,2-(morpholin-4-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrid-3-ylamine,3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-2-carboxylic acid,2-methoxypyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrid-3-ylamine,(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrid-7-yl)methanol,2-(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrid-5-yl)ethanol,2-(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrid-7-yl)ethanol,(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrid-2-yl)methanol,3,6-diaminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine, 3,4-diaminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine,pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3,7-diamine,7-(morpholin-4-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrid-3-ylamine,pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridine-3,5-diamine,5-(morpholin-4-yl)pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrid-3-ylamine,2-[(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrid-5-yl)(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol,2[(3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrid-7-yl)(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]ethanol,3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-5-ol, 3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-4-ol,3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-6-ol, 3-aminopyrazolo[1,5-a]pyridin-7-ol,and the addition salts thereof.

Mention may be made, among pyrimidine derivatives, of the compoundsdescribed, for example, in patents DE 2359399, JP 88-169571, JP 05-63124and EP 0 770 375 or patent application WO 96/15765, such as2,4,5,6-tetraaminopyrimidine, 4-hydroxy-2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine,2-hydroxy-4,5,6-triaminopyrimidine, 2,4-dihydroxy-5,6-diaminopyrimidine,2,5,6-triaminopyrimidine and the addition salts thereof and thetautomeric forms thereof, when a tautomeric equilibrium exists.

Among the pyrazole derivatives, mention may be made for example of3,4-diaminopyrazole, 4-amino-1,3-dimethyl-5-hydrazinopyrazole,1-methyl-3,4,5-triaminopyrazole, 3,5-diamino-1-methyl4-methylaminopyrazole,3,5-diamino-4-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-1-methylpyrazole, and addition saltsthereof.

Among the couplers that can be used in the composition employed in theprocess according to the invention, mention may in particular be made ofmeta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, naphthalenecouplers, heterocyclic couplers such as, for example, indolederivatives, indoline derivatives, sesamol and derivatives thereof,pyridine derivatives, pyrazolotriazole derivatives, pyrazolones,indazoles, benzimidazoles, benzothiazoles, benzoxazoles,1,3-benzodioxoles, quinolines, and the addition salts of these compoundswith an acid.

These couplers are more particularly chosen from2,4-diamino-1-(β-hydroxyethyloxy)benzene, 2-methyl-5-aminophenol,5-N-(β-hydroxyethyl)amino-2-methylphenol, 3-aminophenol,1,3-dihydroxybenzene, 1,3-dihydroxy-2-methylbenzene,4-chloro-1,3-dihydroxybenzene,2-amino-4-(β-hydroxyethylamino)-1-methoxybenzene, 1,3-diaminobenzene,1,3-bis(2,4-diaminophenoxy)propane, sesamol,1-amino-2-methoxy-4,5-methylenedioxybenzene, a-naphthol,6-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxyindole, 4-hydroxy-N-methylindole,6-hydroxyindoline, 2,6-dihydroxy-4-methylpyridine,1H-3-methylpyrazol-5-one, 1-phenyl-3-methylpyrazol-5-one,2-amino-3-hydroxypyridine, 3,6-dimethylpyrazolo[3,2-c]-1,2,4-triazoleand 2,6-dimethylpyrazolo[1,5-b]-1,2,4-triazole, the addition saltsthereof with an acid, and mixtures thereof.

The addition salts of the oxidation bases and of the couplers are inparticular chosen from the addition salts with an acid, such as thehydrochlorides, hydrobromides, sulfates, citrates, succinates,tartrates, lactates, tosylates, benzenesulfonates, phosphates andacetates.

The oxidation base(s) are generally each present in an amount from0.0001% to 10% by weight relative to the total weight of the compositionof the invention, and preferably from 0.005% to 5% by weight relative tothe total weight of the composition.

The coupler(s) each generally represent from 0.0001% to 10% by weightrelative to the total weight of the composition and preferably from0.005% to 5% by weight relative to the total weight of the compositionof the invention.

Direct Dyes

The term “direct dye” is intended to mean natural and/or synthetic dyesother than oxidation dyes. They are dyes which will spread superficiallyover the fibre and colour the fibres by themselves.

They may be ionic or non-ionic, preferably cationic or non-ionic.

These direct dyes are, for example, chosen from neutral, acidic orcationic nitrobenzene direct dyes, neutral, acidic or cationic azodirect dyes, tetraazapentamethine dyes, neutral, acidic or cationicquinone and in particular anthroquinone dyes, azine direct dyes,triarylmethane direct dyes, azomethine direct dyes and natural directdyes.

By way of examples of suitable direct dyes, mention may be made of azodirect dyes; (poly)methine dyes such as cyanins, hemicyanins, and styryldyes; carbonyl; azine; nitro (hetero)aryl; tri(hetero)arylmethane;porphyrin; phthalocyanine and natural direct dyes, alone or as mixtures.

Preferentially, the direct dye(s) contain(s) at least one quaternizedcationic chromophore or at least one chromophore bearing a quaternizedor quaternizable cationic group.

According to one particular embodiment of the invention, the direct dyescomprise at least one quaternized cationic chromophore.

By way of direct dye present in the composition according to theinvention, mention may be made of the following dyes: acridines;acridones; anthranthrones; anthrapyrimidines; anthraquinones; azines;(poly)azos, hydrazonos or hydrazones, in particular arylhydrazones;azomethines; benzanthrones; benzimidazoles; benzimidazolones;benzindoles; benzoxazoles; benzopyrans; benzothiazoles; benzoquinones;bisazines; bis-isoindolines; carboxanilides; coumarins; cyanines such asazacarbocyanines, diazacarbocyanines, diazahemicyanines, hemicyanines ortetraazacarbocyanines; diazines; diketopyrrolopyrroles; dioxazines;diphenylamines; diphenylmethanes; dithiazines; flavonoides such asflavanthrones and flavones; fluorindines; formazans; indamines;indanthrones; indigoids and pseudo-indigoids; indophenols; indoanilines;isoindolines; isoindolinones; isoviolanthrones; lactones; (poly)methinessuch as diméthines of stilbene or styryl type; naphthalimides;naphthanilides; naphtholactams; naphthoquinones; nitro, especiallynitro(hetero)aromatics; oxadiazoles; oxazines; perilones; perinones;perylenes; phenazines; phenoxazine; phenothiazines; phthalocyanine;polyenes/carotenoides; porphyrins; pyranthrones; pyrazolanthrones;pyrazolones; pyrimidinoanthrones; pyronines; quinacridones; quinolines;quinophthalones; squaranes; tetrazoliums; thiazines, thioindigo;thiopyronines; triarylmethanes or xanthenes.

For the cationic azo dyes, mention may in particular be made of thosederived from the cationic dyes described in Kirk Othmer's Encyclopaediaof Chemical Technology, “Dyes, Azo”, J. Wiley & sons, updated on19/04/2010.

Among the azo dyes that can be used according to the invention, mentionmay be made of the cationic azo dyes described in patent applications WO95/15144, WO 95/01772 and EP-714954.

According to one preferred embodiment of the invention, the directdye(s) is (are) chosen from cationic dyes called “basic dyes”.

Mention may be made, among the azo dyes described in the Colour IndexInternational 3rd edition, and in particular the following dyes: BasicRed 22, Basic Red 76, Basic Yellow 57, Basic Brown 16 and Basic Brown17.

Among the cationic quinone dyes, those mentioned in the abovementionedColour Index International are suitable, and among these, mention may bemade, inter alia, of the following dyes: Basic Blue 22 and Basic Blue99.

Among the azine dyes which are suitable, mention may be made of thoselisted in the Colour Index International and, for example, the followingdyes: Basic Blue 17 and Basic Red 2.

Among the cationic triarylmethane dyes that can be used according to theinvention, mention may be made, in addition to those listed in theColour Index, of the following dyes: Basic Green 1, Basic Violet 3,Basic Violet 14, Basic Blue 7 and Basic Blue 26.

Mention may also be made of the cationic dyes described in documentsU.S. Pat. No. 5,888,252, EP 1133975, WO 03/029359, EP 860636, WO95/01772, WO 95/15144 and EP 714954.

Mention may also be made of those listed in the encyclopaedia “Thechemistry of synthetic dyes” by K. Venkataraman, 1952, Academic pressVol 1 to 7, in “Kirk Othmer's Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology”,chapter “Dyes and Dye Intermediates”, 1993, Wiley and sons, and invarious chapters of “Ullmann's Encyclopaedia of Industrial Chemistry”7th edition, Wiley and sons.

Preferably, the cationic direct dyes are chosen from those derived fromdyes of azo and hydrazono type.

According to one particular embodiment, the direct dyes are cationic azodyes, as described in EP 850636, FR 2788433, EP 920856, WO 9948465, FR2757385, EP 850637, EP 918053, WO 9744004, FR 2570946, FR 2285851, DE2538363, FR 2189006, FR 1560664, FR 1540423, FR 1567219, FR 1516943, FR1221122, DE 4220388, DE 4137005, WO 0166646, U.S. Pat. No. 5,708,151, WO9501772, WO 515144, GB 1195386, U.S. Pat. No. 3,524,842, U.S. Pat. No.5,879,413, EP 1062940, EP 1133976, GB 738585, DE 2527638, FR 2275462, GB1974-27645, Acta Histochem. (1978), 61(1), 48-52; Tsitologiya (1968),10(3), 403-5; Zh. Obshch. Khim. (1970), 40(1), 195-202 ; Ann. Chim.(Rome) (1975), 65(5-6), 305-14; Journal of the Chinese Chemical Society(Taipei) (1998), 45(1), 209-211; Rev. Roum. Chim. (1988), 33(4), 377-83;Text. Res. J. (1984), 54(2), 105-7; Chim. Ind. (Milan) (1974), 56(9),600-3; Khim. Tekhnol. (1979), 22(5), 548-53; Ger. Monatsh. Chem. (1975),106(3), 643-8; MRL Bull. Res. Dev. (1992), 6(2), 21-7; Lihua Jianyan,Huaxue Fence (1993), 29(4), 233-4; Dyes Pigm. (1992), 19(1), 69-79; DyesPigm. (1989), 11(3), 163-72.

Preferably, the cationic direct dye(s) comprise(s) a quaternary ammoniumgroup, more preferentially the cationic charge is endocyclic.

These cationic radicals are, for example, a cationic radical:

-   -   carrying an exocyclic (di/tri)(C1-C8)alkylammonium charge, or    -   carrying an endocyclic charge, such as comprising a cationic        heteroaryl group chosen from: acridinium, benzimidazolium,        benzobistriazolium, benzopyrazolium, benzopyridazinium,        benzoquinolium, benzothiazolium, benzotriazolium, benzoxazolium,        bipyridinium, bis-tetrazolium, dihydrothiazolium,        imidazopyridinium, imidazolium, indolium, isoquinolium,        naphthoimidazolium, naphthooxazolium, naphthopyrazolium,        oxadiazolium, oxazolium, oxazolopyridinium, oxonium,        phenazinium, phenooxazolium, pyrazinium, pyrazolium,        pyrazoyltriazolium, pyridinium, pyridinoimidazolium, pyrrolium,        pyrylium, quinolium, tetrazolium, thiadiazolium, thiazolium,        thiazolopyridinium, thiazoylimidazolium, thiopyrylium,        triazolium or xanthylium.

Mention may be made of the hydrazono cationic dyes of formulae (II) and(III) and the azos of formulae (IV) and (V) below:

Het⁺-C(R_(a))═N—N(R_(b))—Ar, Q⁻  (II)

Het⁺-N(R_(a))—N═C(R_(b))—Ar, Q⁻  (III)

Het⁺-N═N—Ar, Q⁻  (IV)

Ar⁺—N═N—Ar″, Q⁻  (V)

in which formulae (II) to (V):

-   -   Het⁺ represents a cationic heteroaryl radical, preferably        carrying an endocyclic cationic charge, such as imidazolium,        indolium or pyridinium, which is optionally substituted,        preferentially with at least one (C₁-C₈)alkyl group such as        methyl;    -   Ar+ represents an aryl radical, such as phenyl or naphthyl,        carrying an exocyclic cationic charge, preferentially ammonium,        particularly tri(C1-C8)alkylammonium, such as trimethylammonium;    -   Ar represents an aryl group, in particular phenyl, which is        optionally substituted, preferentially with one or more        electron-donating groups, such as i) optionally substituted        (C₁-C₈)alkyl, ii) optionally substituted (C₁-C₈)alkoxy, iii)        (di)(C₁-C₈)(alkyl)amino optionally substituted on the alkyl        group(s) with a hydroxyl group, iv) aryl(C₁-C₈)alkylamino, v)        optionally substituted N—(C₁-C₈)alkyl-N-aryl(C₁-C₈)alkylamino,        or else Ar represents a julolidine group;    -   Ar″ represents a (hetero)aryl group which is optionally        substituted, such as phenyl or pyrazolyl which is optionally        substituted, preferentially with one or more (C₁-C₈)alkyl,        hydroxyl, (di)(C₁-C₈)(alkyl)amino, (C₁-C₈)alkoxy or phenyl        groups;    -   R_(a) and R_(b), which may be identical or different, represent        a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₈)alkyl group which is optionally        substituted, preferentially with a hydroxyl group;    -   or else the substituent R_(a) with a substituent of Het⁺ and/or        R_(b) with a substituent of Ar form, together with the atoms        which bear them, a (hetero)cycloalkyl; in particular, R_(a) and        R_(b) represent a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group which is        optionally substituted with a hydroxyl group;    -   Q⁻ represents an organic or inorganic anionic counterion, such        as a halide or an alkyl sulfate.

In particular, mention may be made of the azo and hydrozono direct dyescarrying an endocyclic cationic charge, of formulae (II) to (V), aspreviously defined; more particularly, the cationic direct dyes offormulae (II) to (V) carrying endocyclic cationic charges, described inpatent applications WO 95/15144, WO 95/01772 and EP-714954;preferentially, the following direct dyes:

in which formulae (II-1) and (IV-1):

-   -   R¹ represents a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group such as methyl;    -   R² and R³, which may be identical or different, represent a        hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group such as methyl; and    -   R⁴ represents a hydrogen atom or an electron-donating group,        such as (C₁-C₈)alkyl which is optionally substituted,        (C₁-C₈)alkoxy which is optionally substituted or        (di)(C₁-C₈)(alkyl)amino which is optionally substituted on the        alkyl group(s) with a hydroxyl group; in particular, R⁴ is a        hydrogen atom,    -   Z represents a CH group or a nitrogen atom, preferentially CH,    -   Q⁻ is an anionic counterion as previously defined, in particular        a halide, such as chloride, or an alkyl sulfate such as methyl        sulfate or mesityl.

In particular, the dyes of formulae (II-1) and (IV-1) are chosen fromBasic Red 51, Basic Yellow 87 and Basic Orange 31 or derivativesthereof:

with Q− an anionic counterion as previously defined, in particular ahalide, such as chloride, or an alkyl sulfate such as methyl sulfate ormesityl.

According to one particular embodiment of the invention, the direct dyesare fluorescent, in other words they contain at least one fluorescentchromophore as previously defined.

By way of fluorescent dyes, mention may be made of the radicalsresulting from the following dyes: acridines, acridones, benzanthrones,benzimidazoles, benzimidazolones, benzindoles, benzoxazoles,benzopyrans, benzothiazoles, coumarins,difluoro{2-[(2H-pyrrol-2-ylidene-kN)methyl]-1H-pyrrolato-kN}borons(BODIPY®), diketopyrrolopyrroles, fluorindines, (poly)methines (inparticular cyanines and styryls/hemicyanines), naphthalimides,naphthanilides, naphthylamines (such as dansyls), oxadiazoles, oxazines,perilones, perinones, perylenes, polyenes/carotenoids, squaranes,stilbenes and xanthenes.

Mention may also be made of the fluorescent dyes described in documentsEP 1133975, WO 03/029359, EP 860636, WO 95/01772, WO 95/15144 and EP714954 and those listed in the encyclopaedia “The Chemistry of SyntheticDyes” by K. Venkataraman, 1952, Academic press Vol 1 to 7, in the “KirkOthmer” encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology”, chapter “Dyes and DyeIntermediates”, 1993, Wiley and sons, and in various chapters of“Ullmann's Encyclopaedia of Industrial Chemistry” 7th edition, Wiley andsons, and in the Handbook—A Guide to Fluorescent Probes and LabellingTechnologies, 10th Ed., Molecular Probes/Invitrogen—Oregon 2005,circulated on the Internet or in the preceding printed editions.

According to one preferred variant of the invention, the fluorescentdyes(s) is (are) cationic and comprise(s) at least one quaternaryammonium radical such as those of formula (V) below:

W⁺—[C(R_(c))═C(R_(d))]_(m′)—Ar, Q⁻  (V)

in which formula (V):

-   -   W⁺ represents a cationic heterocyclic or heteroaryl group, in        particular comprising a quaternary ammonium optionally        substituted with one or more (C₁-C₈)alkyl groups optionally        substituted in particular with one or more hydroxyl groups;    -   Ar representing an aryl group, such as phenyl or naphthyl,        optionally substituted preferentially with i) one or more        halogen atoms, such as chlorine or fluorine; ii) one or more        (C₁-C₈)alkyl groups, preferably C₁-C₄, such as methyl; iii) one        or more hydroxyl groups; iv) one or more (C₁-C₈)alkoxy groups        such as methoxy; v) one or more hydroxy (C₁-C₈)alkyl groups such        as hydroxyethyl, vi) one or more amin or (di)(C₁-C₈)alkylamino        groups, preferably with the C₁-C₄ alkyl part optionally        substituted with one or more hydroxyls, such as        (di)hydroxyethylamino, vii) one or more acylamino groups; viii)        one or more heterocycloalkyl groups, such as pyperazinyl or        pyperidinyl or heteroaryl groups comprising 5 or 6 ring members,        such as pyrrolidinyl, pyridinyl and imidazolinyl;    -   m′ represents an integer inclusively between 1 and 4, in        particular m is 1 or 2; more preferentially 1;    -   R_(c) and R_(d), which may be identical or different, represent        a hydrogen atom or an optionally substituted (C₁-C₈)alkyl group,        which is preferentially C₁-C₄, or else R_(c) contiguous with W⁺        and/or R_(d) contiguous with Ar form, with the atoms which bear        them, a (hetero)cycloalkyl, in particular R_(c) is contiguous        with W⁺ and they form a (hetero)cycloalkyl such as cyclohexyl;    -   Q⁻ is an organic or inorganic anionic counterion as previously        defined.

Among the natural direct dyes that can be used according to theinvention, mention may be made of lawsone, juglone, alizarin, purpurin,carminic acid, kermesic acid, purpurogallin, protocatechualdehyde,indigo, isatin, curcumin, spinulosin, apigenidin, haematein, brazileinand orceins. Use may also be made of extracts or decoctions containingnatural dyes, and in particular henna-based poultices or extracts.

The direct dye(s) more particularly represent from 0.001% to 10% byweight of the total weight of the composition and preferably from 0.005%to 5% by weight.

Amphoteric or Zwitterionic Surfactants

The dyeing composition according to the invention also comprises atleast one amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant.

In particular, the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s), which arepreferably non-silicone, which are usable in the present invention mayespecially be derivatives of optionally quaternized aliphatic secondaryor tertiary amines, in which derivatives the aliphatic group is a linearor branched chain comprising from 8 to 22 carbon atoms, said aminederivatives containing at least one anionic group, for instance acarboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate or phosphonate group.

Mention may be made in particular of (C₈-C₂₀)alkylbetaines,(C₈-C₂₀)alkylsulfobetaines, (C₈-C₂₀)alkylamido(C₃-C₈)alkylbetaines and(C₈-C₂₀)alkylamido(C₆-C₈)alkylsulfobetaines.

Among the optionally quaternized secondary or tertiary aliphatic aminederivatives that can be used, as defined above, mention may also be madeof the compounds of respective structures (B1) and (B2) below:

R_(a)—C(O)—NH—CH₂—CH₂—N⁺(R_(b))(R_(c))—CH₂C(O)O⁻, M⁺, X⁻  (B1)

in which formula:

-   -   R_(a) represents a C₁₀-C₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl group derived from        an acid R_(a)—COOH preferably present in hydrolysed coconut oil,        or a heptyl, nonyl or undecyl group;    -   R_(b) represents a β-hydroxyethyl group; and    -   R_(c) represents a carboxymethyl group;    -   M⁺ represents a cationic counterion derived from an alkali metal        or alkaline-earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an        ion derived from an organic amine, and    -   X⁻ represents an organic or inorganic anionic counterion, such        as that chosen from halides, acetates, phosphates, nitrates,        (C₁-C₄)alkyl sulfates, (C₁-C₄)alkyl- or        (C₁-C₄)alkylarylsulfonates, in particular methyl sulfate and        ethyl sulfate; or alternatively M⁺ and X⁻ are absent;

R_(a)—C(O)—NH—CH₂—CH₂—N(B)(B′)   (B2)

in which formula:

-   -   B represents the group —CH₂—CH₂—O—X′;    -   B′ represents the group —(CH₂)_(z)Y′, with z=1 or 2;    -   X′ represents the group —CH₂—C(O)OH, —CH₂—C(O)OZ′,        —CH₂—CH₂—C(O)OH, —CH₂—CH₂—C(O)OZ′, or a hydrogen atom;    -   Y′ represents the group —C(O)OH, —C(O)OZ′, —CH₂—CH(OH)—SO₃H or        the group —CH₂—CH(OH)—SO₃—Z′;    -   Z′ represents a cationic counterion derived from an alkali metal        or alkaline-earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an        ion derived from an organic amine;    -   R_(a)′ represents a C₁₀-C₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl group of an acid        R_(a)—C(O)OH preferably present in hydrolysed linseed oil or        coconut oil, an alkyl group, especially of C₁₇ and its iso form,        or an unsaturated C₁₇ group.

These compounds are classified in the CTFA dictionary, 5th edition,1993, under the names disodium cocoamphodiacetate, disodiumlauroamphodiacetate, disodium caprylamphodiacetate, disodiumcapryloamphodiacetate, disodium cocoamphodipropionate, disodiumlauroamphodipropionate, disodium caprylamphodipropionate, disodiumcapryloamphodipropionate, lauroamphodipropionic acid andcocoamphodipropionic acid.

By way of example, mention may be made of the cocoamphodiacetate sold bythe company Rhodia under the trade name Miranol® C2M Concentrate.

Use may also be made of compounds of formula (B′2):

R_(a)—NH—CH(Y″)—(CH₂)n-C(O)—NH—(CH₂)n′—N(R_(d))(R_(e))   (B′2)

in which formula:

-   -   Y″ represents the group —C(O)OH, —C(O)OZ″, —CH₂—CH(OH)—SO₃H or        the group —CH₂—CH(OH)—SO₃—Z″;    -   R_(d) and R_(e) represent, independently of one another, a C₁-C₄        alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical; and    -   Z″ represents a cationic counterion derived from an alkali metal        or alkaline-earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an        ion derived from an organic amine;    -   R_(a″) represents a C₁₀-C₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl group of an acid        R_(a″)—C(O)OH preferably present in hydrolysed linseed oil or        coconut oil;    -   n and n′ denote, independently of one another, an integer        ranging from 1 to 3.

Among the compounds of formula (B′2), mention may be made of thecompound classified in the CTFA dictionary under the name sodiumdiethylaminopropyl cocoaspartamide and sold by the company Chimex underthe name Chimexane HB.

These compounds can be used alone or as mixtures.

Among the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactants mentioned above, use ispreferably made of (C₈-C₂₀)alkylbetaines such as cocobetaine,(C₈-C₂₀)alkylamido(C₃-C₈)alkylbetaines such as cocamidopropylbetaine,and mixtures thereof, and the compounds of formula (B′2), such as thesodium salt of diethylaminopropyl laurylaminosuccinamate (INCI name:sodium diethylaminopropyl cocoaspartamide).

More preferentially, the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) arechosen from cocamidopropylbetaine and cocobetaine, the sodium salt ofdiethylaminopropyl laurylaminosuccinamate, or mixtures thereof.

In accordance with one advantageous embodiment of the invention, thecontent of amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) ranges from 0.1% to30% by weight, preferably from 0.5% to 20% by weight and more preferablyfrom 1% to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of thecomposition.

Non-Ionic Surfactants

The composition according to the invention also comprises at least onesecond surfactant chosen from non-ionic surfactants.

Examples of non-ionic surfactants that may be used in the dyecomposition used according to the invention are described, for example,in the “Handbook of Surfactants” by M. R. Porter, published by Blackie &Son (Glasgow and London), 1991, pp. 116-178.

By way of examples of additional non-ionic surfactants, mention may bemade of oxyalkylenated, or glycerolated, non-ionic surfactants, inparticular the following surfactants, alone or as mixtures:

-   -   oxyalkylenated (C₈-C₂₄)alkylphenols;    -   saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, oxyalkylenated or        glycerolated C₈-C₃₀ alcohols;    -   saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, oxyalkylenated        C₈-C₃₀ fatty acid amides;    -   esters of saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, C₈-C₃₀        acids and of polyethylene glycols;    -   esters of saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, C₈-C₃₀        acids and of sorbitol, which are preferably oxyethylenated;    -   fatty acid esters of sucrose;    -   (C₈-C₃₀)alkylpolyglycosides, (C₈-C₃₀)alkenylpolyglycosides,        which are optionally oxyalkylenated (0 to 10 oxyalkylene units)        and which comprise 1 to 15 glucose units, (C₈-C₃₀)alkylglucoside        esters;    -   oxyethylenated and saturated or unsaturated vegetable oils;    -   condensates of ethylene oxide and/or of propylene oxide, inter        alia, alone or as mixtures;    -   N—(C₈-C₃₀)alkylglucamine derivatives and        N—(C₈-C₃₀)acyl-methylglucamine derivatives;    -   aldobionamides;    -   amine oxides;    -   oxyethylenated and/or oxypropylenated silicones.

The oxyalkylene units are more particularly oxyethylene or oxypropyleneunits, or a combination thereof, preferably oxyethylene units.

The number of moles of ethylene oxide and/or of propylene oxidepreferably ranges from 1 to 100, more particularly from 2 to 50; thenumber of moles of glycerol ranges in particular from 1 to 30.

Advantageously, the non-ionic surfactants do not comprise oxypropyleneunits.

By way of example of glycerolated non-ionic surfactants, use maypreferably be made of monoglycerolated or polyglycerolated C₈-C₄₀alcohols comprising from 1 to 30 mol of glycerol, preferably from 1 to10 mol of glycerol.

By way of example of compounds of this type, mention may be made oflauryl alcohol containing 4 mol of glycerol (INCI name: Polyglyceryl-4Lauryl Ether), lauryl alcohol containing 1.5 mol of glycerol,oleylalcohol containing 4 mol of glycerol (INCI name: Polyglyceryl-4 OleylEther), oleyl alcohol containing 2 mol of glycerol (INCI name:Polyglyceryl-2 Oleyl Ether), cetearyl alcohol containing 2 mol ofglycerol, cetearyl alcohol containing 6 mol of glycerol, oleocetylalcohol containing 6 mol of glycerol, and octadecanol containing 6 molof glycerol.

Among the glycerolated alcohols, it is more particularly preferred touse C₈/C₁₀ alcohol containing 1 mol of glycerol, C₁₀/C₁₂ alcoholcontaining 1 mol of glycerol and C₁₂ alcohol containing 1.5 mol ofglycerol.

In accordance with a preferred embodiment of the invention, thenon-ionic surfactant(s) are chosen from:

-   -   oxyethylenated C₈-C₃₀ alcohols comprising from 1 to 100 mol of        ethylene oxide, preferably from 2 to 50, and more particularly        from 2 to 30 mol of ethylene oxide;    -   saturated or unsaturated, oxyethylenated vegetable oils        comprising from 1 to 100 mol of ethylene oxide, preferably from        2 to 50;    -   (C₈-C₃₀)alkylpolyglycosides, which are optionally oxyalkylenated        (0 to 10 OE) and which comprise 1 to 15 glucose units;    -   monoglycerolated or polyglycerolated C₈-C₄₀ alcohols comprising        from 1 to 30 mol of glycerol, preferably from 1 to 10 mol of        glycerol;    -   saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, oxyalkylenated        C₈-C₃₀ fatty acid amides;    -   and mixtures thereof.

Advantageously, the content of non-ionic surfactant(s) ranges from 0.1%to 30% by weight, preferably from 1% to 20% by weight and morepreferably from 1% to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of thecomposition.

Anionic Surfactants

The composition according to the invention also comprises at least onethird category of surfactants, chosen from anionic surfactants. The term“anionic surfactant” is intended to mean a surfactant comprising, asionic or ionizable groups, only anionic groups. These anionic groups arepreferably chosen from the groups —C(O)OH, —C(O)O⁻, —SO₃H, —S(O)₂O⁻,—OS(O)₂OH, —OS(P)₂O⁻, —P(O)OH₂, —P(O)₂O⁻, —P(O)O₂, —P(OH)₂, ═P(O)OH,—P(OH)O⁻, ═P(O)O⁻, ═POH and ═PO⁻, the anionic parts comprising acationic counterion such as an alkali metal, an alkaline-earth metal oran ammonium.

By way of examples of additional anionic surfactants that may be used inthe dye composition according to the invention, mention may be made ofalkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkylamido ether sulfates,alkylaryl polyether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates, alkyl sulfonates,alkylamide sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates,paraffin sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates,alkylamide sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfoacetates, acyl sarcosinates, acylglutamates, alkyl sulfosuccinamates, acyl isethionates and N-acyltaurates, salts of alkyl monoesters of polyglycoside-polycarboxylicacids, acyl lactylates, salts of D-galactoside uronic acids, salts ofalkyl ether carboxylic acids, salts of alkylaryl ether carboxylic acids,salts of alkylamido ether carboxylic acids; and the correspondingnon-salified forms of all these compounds; the alkyl and acyl groups ofall these compounds comprising from 6 to 40 carbon atoms and the arylgroup denoting a phenyl group.

These compounds can be oxyethylenated and then preferably comprise from1 to 50 ethylene oxide units.

The salts of C₆-C₂₄ alkyl monoesters of polyglycoside-polycarboxylicacids can be chosen from C₆-C₂₄ alkyl polyglycoside-citrates, C₆-C₂₄alkyl polyglycoside-tartrates and C₆-C₂₄ alkylpolyglycoside-sulfosuccinates.

When the anionic surfactant(s) are in salt form, it/they may be chosenfrom alkali metal salts such as the sodium or potassium salt andpreferably the sodium salt, ammonium salts, amine salts and inparticular amino alcohol salts or alkaline-earth metal salts such as themagnesium salts.

By way of examples of amino alcohol salts, mention may in particular bemade of monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine salts,monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine or triisopropanolamine salts,2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol salts, 2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediolsalts and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane salts.

Alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal salts, and in particular sodium ormagnesium salts, are preferably used.

Use is preferably made, among the additional anionic surfactantsmentioned, of (C₆-C₂₄)alkyl sulfates, (C₆-C₂₄)alkyl ether sulfatescomprising from 2 to 50 ethylene oxide units, in particular in the formof alkali metal, ammonium, amino alcohol and alkaline-earth metal salts,or a mixture of these compounds.

In particular, it is preferable to use (C₁₂-C₂₀)alkyl sulfates,(C₁₂-C₂₀)alkyl ether sulfates comprising from 2 to 20 ethylene oxideunits, in particular in the form of alkali metal, ammonium, aminoalcohol and alkaline-earth metal salts, or a mixture of these compounds.Better still, it is preferred to use sodium lauryl ether sulfatecontaining 2.2 mol of ethylene oxide.

According to one particular embodiment of the invention, the content ofnon-ionic or anionic surfactant(s) ranges from 0.1% to 30% by weight,preferably from 1% to 20% by weight and more preferably from 1% to 10%by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition.

Preferably, the weight ratio of amphoteric surfactant(s)/anionicsurfactant(s) advantageously ranges from 0.1 to 10, more particularlyfrom 0.5 to 5 and preferably from 1 to 3.

In addition, advantageously, the weight ratio of anionicsurfactant(s)/non-ionic surfactant(s) advantageously ranges from 0.01 to5, more particularly from 0.05 to 1 and preferably from 0.1 to 0.5.

It should be noted that, preferably, the weight ratio of non-ionicsurfactant(s)/amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) advantageouslyranges from 0.1 to 10, more particularly from 0.5 to 5 and preferablyfrom 1 to 3.

Fatty Substances

As has been mentioned, the composition of the invention comprises one ormore fatty substances, the fatty substance content in the compositionbeing at least 10% by weight relative to the weight of the composition.

The term “fatty substance” is intended to mean an organic compound thatis insoluble in water at ordinary temperature (25° C.) and atatmospheric pressure (760 mmHg) (solubility of less than 5%, preferablyless than 1% and even more preferentially less than 0.1%). They exhibit,in their structure, at least one hydrocarbon-based chain comprising atleast 6 carbon atoms or a sequence of at least two siloxane groups. Inaddition, fatty substances are generally soluble in organic solventsunder the same temperature and pressure conditions, such as, forexample, chloroform, dichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, ethanol,benzene, toluene, tetrahydrofuran (THF), liquid petroleum jelly ordecamethylcyclopentasiloxane.

The fatty substances of the invention do not comprise salifiedcarboxylic acid groups.

Moreover, the fatty substances of the invention are not(poly)oxyalkylenated or (poly)glycerolated ethers.

The term “oil” is intended to mean a “fatty substance” that is liquid atambient temperature (25° C.) and at atmospheric pressure (760 mmHg).

The term “non-silicone oil” is intended to mean an oil not containingany silicon (Si) atoms and the term “silicone oil” is intended to meanan oil containing at least one silicon atom.

More particularly, the fatty substances are chosen from C₆-C₁₆hydrocarbons, hydrocarbons containing more than 16 carbon atoms,non-silicone oils of animal origin, plant oils of triglyceride type,synthetic triglycerides, fluoro oils, fatty alcohols, fatty acid and/orfatty alcohol esters other than triglycerides and plant waxes,non-silicone waxes and silicones, and mixtures thereof.

It should be remembered that fatty alcohols, esters and acids moreparticularly exhibit at least one saturated or unsaturated and linear orbranched hydrocarbon-based group which comprises from 6 to 30 and betterstill from 8 to 30 carbon atoms and which is optionally substituted, inparticular with one or more hydroxyl groups (in particular 1 to 4). Ifthey are unsaturated, these compounds may comprise one to threeconjugated or unconjugated carbon-carbon double bonds.

As regards the C₆-C₁₆ hydrocarbons, they are linear, branched oroptionally cyclic, and are preferably alkanes. Mention may be made, byway of example, of hexane, dodecane or isoparaffins, such asisohexadecane or isodecane.

Mention may be made, as hydrocarbon-based oils of animal origin, ofperhydrosqualene.

The triglyceride oils of plant or synthetic origin are preferably chosenfrom liquid fatty acid triglycerides comprising from 6 to 30 carbonatoms, for instance heptanoic or octanoic acid triglycerides, oralternatively, for example, sunflower oil, corn oil, soybean oil, marrowoil, grapeseed oil, sesame seed oil, hazelnut oil, apricot oil,macadamia oil, arara oil, castor oil, avocado oil, caprylic/capric acidtriglycerides, for instance those sold by the company StéarineriesDubois or those sold under the names Miglyol® 810, 812 and 818 by thecompany Dynamit Nobel, jojoba oil and shea butter oil.

The linear or branched hydrocarbons of inorganic or synthetic originhaving more than 16 carbon atoms are preferably chosen from liquidparaffins, petroleum jelly, liquid petroleum jelly, polydecenes orhydrogenated polyisobutene, such as Parleam®.

As regards the C₆-C₁₆ alkanes, they are linear, branched or optionallycyclic. By way of example, mention may be made of hexane, dodecane andisoparaffins such as isohexadecane and isodecane.

As oils of animal, plant, mineral or synthetic origin that may be usedin the composition of the invention, examples that may be mentionedinclude: fluoro oils which may be chosen fromperfluoromethylcyclopentane and perfluoro-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane, soldunder the names Flutec® PC1 and Flutec® PC3 by the company BNFLFluorochemicals; perfluoro-1,2-dimethylcyclobutane; perfluoroalkanessuch as dodecafluoropentane and tetradecafluorohexane, sold under thenames PF 5050® and PF 5060® by the company 3M, or alternativelybromoperfluorooctyl sold under the name Foralkyl® by the companyAtochem; nonafluoromethoxybutane and nonafluoroethoxyisobutane;perfluoromorpholine derivatives such as 4-trifluoromethylperfluoromorpholine sold under the name PF 5052® by the company 3M.

The fatty alcohols which are suitable for the implementation of theinvention are more particularly chosen from saturated or unsaturated andlinear or branched alcohols comprising from 6 to 30 carbon atoms andpreferably from 8 to 30 carbon atoms. Mention may be made, for example,of cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol and their mixture (cetearyl alcohol),octyldodecanol, 2-butyloctanol, 2-hexyldecanol, 2-undecylpentadecanol,oleyl alcohol or linoleyl alcohol.

As regards the fatty acid and/or fatty alcohol esters, which areadvantageously different from the triglycerides mentioned above, mentionmay be made in particular of esters of saturated or unsaturated andlinear or branched C₁-C₂₆ aliphatic monoacids or polyacids and ofsaturated or unsaturated and linear or branched C₁-C₂₆ aliphaticmonoalcohols or polyalcohols, the total carbon number of the estersbeing greater than or equal to 6 and more advantageously greater than orequal to 10.

Among the monoesters, mention may be made of dihydroabietyl behenate;octyldodecyl behenate; isocetyl behenate; cetyl lactate; C₁₂-C₁₅ alkyllactate; isostearyl lactate; lauryl lactate; linoleyl lactate; oleyllactate; (iso)stearyl octanoate; isocetyl octanoate; octyl octanoate;cetyl octanoate; decyl oleate; isocetyl isostearate;

isocetyl laurate; isocetyl stearate; isodecyl octanoate; isodecyloleate; isononyl isononanoate; isostearyl palmitate; methylacetylricinoleate; myristyl stearate; octyl isononanoate; 2-ethylhexylisononate; octyl palmitate; octyl pelargonate; octyl stearate;octyldodecyl erucate; oeyl erucate; ethyl and isopropyl palmitates,2-ethylhexyl palmitate, 2-octyldecyl palmitate, alkyl myristates such asisopropyl, butyl, cetyl, 2-octyldodecyl, myristyl or stearyl myristate,hexyl stearate, butyl stearate, isobutyl stearate; dioctyl malate, hexyllaurate, 2-hexyldecyl laurate.

Still within the context of this variant, esters of C₄-C₂₂ dicarboxylicor tricarboxylic acids and of C₁-C₂₂ alcohols and esters of mono-, di-or tricarboxylic acids and of C₂-C₂₆ di-, tri-, tetra- or pentahydroxyalcohols may also be used.

Mention may in particular be made of: diethyl sebacate; diisopropylsebacate; diisopropyl adipate; di(n-propyl) adipate; dioctyl adipate;diisostearyl adipate; dioctyl maleate; glyceryl undecylenate;octyldodecyl stearoyl stearate; pentaerythrityl monoricinoleate;pentaerythrityl tetraisononanoate; pentaerythrityl tetrapelargonate;pentaerythrityl tetraisostearate; pentaerythrityl tetraoctanoate;propylene glycol dicaprylate; propylene glycol dicaprate; tridecylerucate; triisopropyl citrate; triisostearyl citrate; glyceryltrilactate; glyceryl trioctanoate; trioctyldodecyl citrate; trioleylcitrate; propylene glycol dioctanoate; neopentyl glycol diheptanoate;diethylene glycol diisononanoate; and polyethylene glycol distearates.

Among the esters mentioned above, use is preferably made of ethyl,isopropyl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl palmitate, 2-ethylhexyl palmitate,2-octyldecyl palmitate, alkyl myristates, such as isopropyl, butyl,cetyl or 2-octyldodecyl myristate, hexyl stearate, butyl stearate,isobutyl stearate, dioctyl malate, hexyl laurate, 2-hexyldecyl laurate,isononyl isononanoate or cetyl octanoate.

The composition may also comprise, as fatty ester, sugar esters anddiesters of C₆-C₃₀ and preferably C₁₂-C₂₂ fatty acids. It is recalledthat the term “sugar” is intended to mean oxygen-bearinghydrocarbon-based compounds which have several alcohol functions, withor without aldehyde or ketone functions, and which comprise at least 4carbon atoms. These sugars can be monosaccharides, oligosaccharides orpolysaccharides.

Mention may be made, as suitable sugars, for example, of sucrose (orsaccharose), glucose, galactose, ribose, fucose, maltose, fructose,mannose, arabinose, xylose and lactose, and derivatives thereof, inparticular alkyl derivatives, such as methyl derivatives, for instancemethylglucose.

The sugar esters of fatty acids may be chosen in particular from thegroup comprising the esters or mixtures of esters of sugars describedpreviously and of linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated C₆-C₃₀and preferably C₁₂-C₂₂ fatty acids. If they are unsaturated, thesecompounds may comprise one to three conjugated or unconjugatedcarbon-carbon double bonds.

The esters according to this variant can also be chosen from mono-, di-,tri- and tetraesters, polyesters, and mixtures thereof.

These esters can, for example, be oleates, laurates, palmitates,myristates, behenates, cocoates, stearates, linoleates, linolenates,caprates, arachidonates or mixtures thereof, such as, in particular,oleate/palmitate, oleate/stearate or palmitate/stearate mixed esters.

More particularly, use is made of monoesters and diesters and inparticular mono- or di-oleate, -stearate, -behenate, -oleate/palmitate,-linoleate, -linolenate or -oleate/stearate of sucrose, of glucose or ofmethylglucose.

An example that may be mentioned is the product sold under the nameGlucate® DO by the company Amerchol, which is a methylglucose dioleate.

Examples of esters or mixtures of esters of sugar and of fatty acid thatmay also be mentioned include:

-   -   the products sold under the names F160, F140, F110, F90, F70 and        SL40 by the company Crodesta, respectively denoting sucrose        palmitate/stearates formed from 73% monoester and 27% diester        and triester, from 61% monoester and 39% diester, triester and        tetraester, from 52% monoester and 48% diester, triester and        tetraester, from 45% monoester and 55% diester, triester and        tetraester, from 39% monoester and 61% diester, triester and        tetraester, and sucrose monolaurate;    -   the products sold under the name Ryoto Sugar Esters, for example        referenced B370 and corresponding to sucrose behenate formed        from 20% monoester and 80% diester-triester-polyester;    -   the sucrose monopalmitate/stearate-dipalmitate/stearate sold by        the company Goldschmidt under the name Tegosoft® PSE.

The non-silicone wax(es) are chosen in particular from carnauba wax,candelilla wax, esparto wax, paraffin wax, ozokerite, plant waxes, suchas olive tree wax, rice wax, hydrogenated jojoba wax or absolute flowerwaxes, such as the blackcurrant blossom essential wax sold by thecompany Bertin (France), or animal waxes, such as beeswaxes or modifiedbeeswaxes (cerabellina); other waxes or waxy starting materials whichcan be used according to the invention are in particular marine waxes,such as that sold by the company Sophim under the reference M82,polyethylene waxes or polyolefin waxes in general.

The silicones that can be used in the dye composition according to thepresent invention are volatile or non-volatile, cyclic, linear orbranched silicones, which are unmodified or modified by organic groups,having a viscosity from 5×10⁻⁶ to 2.5 m²/s at 25° C., and preferably1×10⁻⁶ to 1 m²/s.

The silicones that may be used in accordance with the invention may bein the form of oils, waxes, resins or gums.

Preferably, the silicone is chosen from polydialkylsiloxanes, inparticular polydimethylsiloxanes (PDMSs), and organomodifiedpolysiloxanes comprising at least one functional group chosen from aminogroups and alkoxy groups.

Organopolysiloxanes are defined in greater detail in Walter Noll's“Chemistry and Technology of Silicones” (1968), Academic Press. They canbe volatile or non-volatile.

When they are volatile, the silicones are more particularly chosen fromthose having a boiling point of between 60° C. and 260° C., and moreparticularly still from:

(i) cyclic polydialkylsiloxanes containing from 3 to 7 and preferablyfrom 4 to 5 silicon atoms. These are, for example,octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane sold in particular under the name VolatileSilicone® 7207 by Union Carbide or Silbione® 70045 V2 by

Rhodia, decamethylcyclopentasiloxane sold under the name VolatileSilicone® 7158 by Union Carbide, and Silbione® 70045 V5 by Rhodia, andmixtures thereof.

Mention may also be made of cyclocopolymers of thedimethylsiloxane/methylalkylsiloxane type, such as Volatile Silicone® FZ3109 sold by the company Union Carbide, of formula:

Mention may also be made of mixtures of cyclic polydialkylsiloxanes withorganosilicon compounds, such as the mixture ofoctamethylcyclotetrasiloxane and tetra(trimethylsilyl)pentaerythritol(50/50) and the mixture of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane andoxy-1,1′-bis(2,2,2′,2′,3,3′-hexatrimethylsilyloxy)neopentane;

(ii) linear volatile polydialkylsiloxanes containing 2 to 9 siliconatoms and having a viscosity of less than or equal to 5×10⁻⁶ m²/s at 25°C. An example is decamethyltetrasiloxane sold in particular under thename SH 200 by the company Toray Silicone. Silicones belonging to thiscategory are also described in the article published in Cosmetics andToiletries, Vol. 91, Jan. 76, pp. 27-32, Todd & Byers, “VolatileSilicone Fluids for Cosmetics”.

Use is preferably made of non-volatile polydialkylsiloxanes,polydialkylsiloxane gums and resins, polyorganosiloxanes modified withthe organofunctional groups above, and mixtures thereof.

These silicones are more particularly chosen from polydialkylsiloxanes,among which mention may be made mainly of polydimethylsiloxanes havingtrimethylsilyl end groups. The viscosity of the silicones is measured at25° C. according to Standard ASTM 445 Appendix C.

Mention may be made, among these polydialkylsiloxanes, withoutlimitation, of the following commercial products:

-   -   the Silbione® oils of the 47 and 70 047 series or the Mirasil®        oils sold by Rhodia, such as, for example, the oil 70 047 V 500        000;    -   the oils of the Mirasil® series sold by the company Rhodia;    -   the oils of the 200 series from the company Dow Corning, such as        DC200 with a viscosity of 60 000 mm²/s;    -   the Viscasil® oils from General Electric and certain oils of the        SF series (SF 96, SF 18) from General Electric.

Mention may also be made of polydimethylsiloxanes having dimethylsilanolend groups known under the name dimethiconol (CTFA), such as the oils ofthe 48 series from the company Rhodia.

In this category of polydialkylsiloxanes, mention may also be made ofthe products sold under the names Abil Wax® 9800 and 9801 by the companyGoldschmidt, which are polydi(C₁-C₂₀)alkylsiloxanes.

The silicone gums that may be used in accordance with the invention arein particular polydialkylsiloxanes and preferably polydimethylsiloxaneswith high number-average molecular weights of between 200 000 and 1 000000, used alone or as a mixture in a solvent. This solvent can be chosenfrom volatile silicones, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) oils,polyphenylmethylsiloxane (PPMS) oils, isoparaffins, polyisobutylenes,methylene chloride, pentane, dodecane, tridecane or their mixtures.

Products which can be used more particularly in accordance with theinvention are mixtures such as:

-   -   the mixtures formed from a polydimethylsiloxane hydroxylated at        the chain end, or dimethiconol (CTFA), and from a cyclic        polydimethylsiloxane, also known as cyclomethicone (CTFA), such        as the product Q2 1401 sold by the company Dow Corning;    -   the mixtures of a polydimethylsiloxane gum and of a cyclic        silicone, such as the product SF 1214 Silicone Fluid from        General Electric; this product is a gum SF 30 corresponding to a        dimethicone, having a number-average molecular weight of 500        000, dissolved in the oil SF 1202 Silicone Fluid corresponding        to decamethylcyclopentasiloxane;    -   mixtures of two PDMSs with different viscosities, and more        particularly of a PDMS gum and a PDMS oil, such as the product        SF 1236 from the company General Electric. The product SF 1236        is a mixture of a gum SE 30 defined above, with a viscosity of        20 m²/s, and of an oil SF 96 with a viscosity of 5×10⁻⁶ m²/s.        This product preferably comprises 15% of gum SE 30 and 85% of an        oil SF 96.

The organopolysiloxane resins that may be used in accordance with theinvention are crosslinked siloxane systems containing the followingunits:

R₂SiO_(2/2), R₃SiO_(1/2), RSiO_(3/2) and SiO_(4/2)

in which R represents an alkyl containing 1 to 16 carbon atoms. Amongthese products, those that are particularly preferred are those in whichR denotes a C₁-C₄ lower alkyl group, more particularly methyl.

Mention may be made, among these resins, of the product sold under thename Dow Corning 593 or those sold under the names Silicone Fluid SS4230 and SS 4267 by the company General Electric, which are silicones ofdimethyl/trimethylsiloxane structure.

Mention may also be made of the resins of the trimethylsiloxysilicatetype, sold in particular under the names X22-4914, X21-5034 and X21-5037by the company Shin-Etsu.

The organomodified silicones that can be used in accordance with theinvention are silicones as defined above and comprising in theirstructure one or more organofunctional groups attached via ahydrocarbon-based group.

In addition to the silicones described above, the organomodifiedsilicones can be polydiarylsiloxanes, in particularpolydiphenylsiloxanes, and polyalkylarylsiloxanes functionalized withthe abovementioned organofunctional groups.

The polyalkylarylsiloxanes are particularly chosen from linear and/orbranched polydimethyl/methylphenylsiloxanes andpolydimethyl/diphenylsiloxanes with a viscosity ranging from 1×10⁻⁵ to5×10⁻² m²/s at 25° C.

Mention may be made, among these polyalkylarylsiloxanes, by way ofexample, of the products sold under the following names:

-   -   the Silbione® oils of the 70 641 series from Rhodia;    -   the oils of the Rhodorsil® 70 633 and 763 series from Rhodia;    -   the oil Dow Corning 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid from Dow Corning;    -   the silicones of the PK series from Bayer, such as the product        PK20;    -   the silicones of the PN and PH series from Bayer, such as the        products PN1000 and PH1000;    -   certain oils of the SF series from General Electric, such as SF        1023, SF 1154, SF 1250 and SF 1265.

Mention may be made, among the organomodified silicones, ofpolyorganosiloxanes comprising:

-   -   substituted or unsubstituted amino groups, such as the products        sold under the name GP 4 Silicone Fluid and GP 7100 by the        company Genesee or the products sold under the names Q2 8220 and        Dow Corning 929 or 939 by the company Dow Corning. The        substituted amino groups are, in particular, C₁-C₄ aminoalkyl        groups;    -   alkoxylated groups, such as the product sold under the name        Silicone Copolymer F-755 by SWS Silicones, and Abil Wax® 2428,        2434 and 2440 by the company Goldschmidt.

More particularly, the fatty substances are chosen from compounds thatare liquid or pasty at ambient temperature (25° C.) and at atmosphericpressure.

Preferably, the fatty substance is a compound that is liquid at atemperature of 25° C. and at atmospheric pressure.

The fatty substances are advantageously chosen from C₆-C₁₆ alkanes,non-silicone oils of plant, mineral or synthetic origin, fatty alcohols,fatty acid and/or fatty alcohol esters, or mixtures thereof.

Preferably, the fatty substance is chosen from liquid petroleum jelly,C₆-C₁₆ alkanes, polydecenes, liquid fatty acid and/or fatty alcoholesters, liquid fatty alcohols, or mixtures thereof.

The composition according to the invention comprises at least 10% byweight of fatty substance, relative to the total weight of thecomposition, advantageously at least 15% by weight, even moreadvantageously at least 20% by weight, relative to the total weight ofthe composition, preferably at least 25% by weight, even moreparticularly at least 30% by weight and up to 70% by weight, relative tothe total weight of the composition.

Cationic Polymer

As previously indicated, the composition comprises at least one cationicpolymer.

It is recalled that, for the purposes of the present invention, the term“cationic polymer” denotes any polymer containing cationic groups and/orgroups that can be ionized into cationic groups.

Preferably, the cationic polymer present in the composition according tothe invention is a linear, random, graft or block homopolymer orcopolymer and comprises at least one cationic group and/or group thatcan be ionized into a cationic group chosen from primary, secondary,tertiary and/or quaternary amine groups that form part of the mainpolymer chain or that are borne by a side substituent directly connectedthereto.

Preferably, the cationic charge density of the cationic polymersaccording to the invention is greater than 1 meq/g and even moreparticularly greater than or equal to 4 meq/g.

This charge density is determined by the Kjeldahl method. It may also becalculated from the chemical nature of the polymer.

The cationic polymers used generally have a number-average molecularweight of between 500 and 5×10⁶ approximately and preferably between 10³and 3×10⁶ approximately.

Among the cationic polymers, mention may more particularly be made ofpolymers of the polyamine, polyaminoamide and polyquaternary ammoniumtype.

These are known products and are especially described in patents FR2505348 or FR 2542997.

Among the cationic polymers that may be used in the context of theinvention, mention may be made of the following polymers, alone or as amixture:

(1) Homopolymers or copolymers derived from acrylic or methacrylicesters or amides and comprising at least one of the units of formula(I), (II), (Ill) or (IV) below:

in which:

-   R₃, which may be identical or different, denote a hydrogen atom or a    CH₃ radical;-   A, which may be identical or different, represent a linear or    branched C₁-C₆ and preferably C₂-C₃ alkyl group or a C₁-C₄    hydroxyalkyl group;-   R₄, R₅ and R₆, which may be identical or different, represent a    C₁-C₁₈ alkyl group or a benzyl radical, and preferably a C₁-C₆ alkyl    group;-   R₁ and R₂, which may be identical or different, represent hydrogen    or a C₁-C₆ alkyl group, and preferably methyl or ethyl;-   X denotes an anion derived from a inorganic or organic acid, such as    a methosulfate anion or a halide such as chloride or bromide.

The polymers of family (1) can also contain one or more units derivedfrom comonomers which may be chosen from the family of acrylamides,methacrylamides, diacetone acrylamides, acrylamides and methacrylamidessubstituted on the nitrogen with lower (C₁-C₄) alkyls, acrylic ormethacrylic acids or esters thereof, vinyllactams such asvinylpyrrolidone or vinylcaprolactam, and vinyl esters.

Thus, among these polymers of family (1), mention may be made of:

-   -   copolymers of acrylamide and of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate        quaternized with dimethyl sulfate or with a dimethyl halide,        such as the product sold under the name Hercofloc by the company        Hercules,    -   the copolymers of acrylamide and of        methacryloyloxyethyl-trimethylammonium chloride described, for        example, in EP 80 976 and sold under the name Bina Quat P 100 by        the company Ciba Geigy,    -   the copolymer of acrylamide and of        methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium methosulfate sold under        the name Reten by the company Hercules,    -   quaternized or non-quaternized        vinylpyrrolidone/dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate or methacrylate        copolymers, such as the products sold under the name Gafquat by        the company ISP, for instance Gafquat 734 or Gafquat 755, or        alternatively the products known as Copolymer 845, 958 and 937.        These polymers are described in FR 2 077 143 and FR 2 393 573,    -   dimethylaminoethyl        methacrylate/vinylcaprolactam/vinylpyrrolidone terpolymers, such        as the product sold under the name Gaffix VC 713 by the company        ISP,    -   vinylpyrrolidone/methacrylamidopropyldimethylamine copolymers        sold in particular under the name Styleze CC 10 by ISP,    -   quaternized vinylpyrrolidone/dimethylaminopropylmethacrylamide        copolymers such as the product sold under the name Gafquat HS        100 by the company ISP, and    -   the crosslinked polymers of methacryloyloxy(C₁-C₄)alkyl        tri(C₁-C₄)alkylammonium salts, such as the polymers obtained by        homopolymerization of dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate        quaternized with methyl chloride, or by copolymerization of        acrylamide with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate quaternized with        methyl chloride, the homo- or copolymerization being followed by        crosslinking with an olefinically unsaturated compound, more        particularly methylenebisacrylamide. Use may more particularly        be made of a crosslinked        acrylamide/methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride        copolymer (20/80 by weight) in the form of a dispersion        containing 50% by weight of said copolymer in mineral oil. This        dispersion is sold under the name Salcare® SC 92 by the company        Ciba. Use may also be made of a crosslinked homopolymer of        methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride containing        approximately 50% by weight of the homopolymer in mineral oil or        in a liquid ester. These dispersions are sold under the names        Salcare® SC 95 and Salcare® SC 96 by the company Ciba.

(2) Cationic cellulose derivatives such as cellulose copolymers orcellulose derivatives grafted with a water-soluble quaternary ammoniummonomer, and disclosed in particular in U.S. Pat. No. 4,131,576, such ashydroxyalkyl celluloses, for instance hydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl orhydroxypropyl celluloses grafted in particular with amethacryloylethyltrimethylammonium,methacrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium or dimethyldiallylammonium salt.

The commercial products corresponding to this definition are moreparticularly the products sold under the names Celquat L 200 and CelquatH 100 by the company National Starch.

(3) Cationic guar gums described more particularly in U.S. Pat. No.3,589,578 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,031,307, such as guar gums containingcationic trialkylammonium groups. Use is made, for example, of guar gumsmodified with a 2,3-epoxypropyltrimethylammonium salt (for example,chloride).

Such products are sold especially under the trade names Jaguar C135,Jaguar C15, Jaguar C17 and Jaguar C162 by the company Meyhall.

(4) Polymers consisting of piperazinyl units and of divalent alkylene orhydroxyalkylene radicals containing straight or branched chains,optionally interrupted with oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms or witharomatic or heterocyclic rings, and also the oxidation and/orquaternization products of these polymers. Such polymers are described,in particular, in FR 2 162 025 and FR 2 280 361.

(5) Water-soluble polyaminoamides prepared in particular bypolycondensation of an acidic compound with a polyamine; thesepolyaminoamides can be crosslinked with an epihalohydrin, a diepoxide, adianhydride, an unsaturated dianhydride, a bis-unsaturated derivative, abis-halohydrin, a bis-azetidinium, a bis-haloacyldiamine, a bis-alkylhalide or alternatively with an oligomer resulting from the reaction ofa difunctional compound which is reactive with a bis-halohydrin, abis-azetidinium, a bis-haloacyldiamine, a bis-alkyl halide, anepihalohydrin, a diepoxide or a bis-unsaturated derivative; thecrosslinking agent being used in proportions ranging from 0.025 to 0.35mol per amine group of the polyaminoamide; these polyaminoamides may bealkylated or, if they contain one or more tertiary amine functions, theymay be quaternized. Such polymers are described, in particular, in FR 2252 840 and FR 2 368 508.

Polyaminoamide derivatives resulting from the condensation ofpolyalkylene polyamines with polycarboxylic acids followed by alkylationwith difunctional agents. Mention may be made, for example, of adipicacid/dialkylaminohydroxyalkyldialkylenetriamine polymers in which thealkyl radical is C₁-C₄ and preferably denotes methyl, ethyl or propyl.Such polymers are described in particular in FR 1 583 363.

Among these derivatives, mention may be made more particularly of theadipic acid/dimethylaminohydroxypropyl/diethylenetriamine polymers soldunder the name Cartaretine F, F4 or F8 by the company Sandoz.

(6) Polymers obtained by reaction of a polyalkylene polyamine containingtwo primary amine groups and at least one secondary amine group with adicarboxylic acid chosen from diglycolic acid and saturated C₃-C₈aliphatic dicarboxylic acids. The mole ratio of the polyalkylenepolyamine to the dicarboxylic acid is between 0.8:1 and 1.4:1; thepolyaminoamide resulting therefrom being reacted with epichlorohydrin ina mole ratio of epichlorohydrin relative to the secondary amine group ofthe polyaminoamide of between 0.5: 1 and 1.8: 1. Such polymers aredescribed in particular in U.S. Pat. No. 3,227,615 and U.S. Pat. No.2,961,347.

Polymers of this type are sold in particular under the name Hercosett57, PD 170 or Delsette 101 by the company Hercules.

(7) Cyclopolymers of alkyldiallylamine or of dialkyldiallylammonium,such as the homopolymers or copolymers containing, as main constituentof the chain, units corresponding to formula (V) or (VI):

in which formulae k and t are equal to 0 or 1, the sum k+t being equalto 1; R₉ denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical; R₇ and R₈,independently of one another, denote a C₁-C₈ alkyl group, a hydroxyalkylgroup in which the alkyl group is C₁-C₅, an amidoalkyl group in whichthe alkyl is C₁-C₄; R₇ and R₈ can also denote, together with thenitrogen atom to which they are attached, a heterocyclic group such aspiperidyl or morpholinyl; R₇ and R₈, independently of one another,preferably denote a C₁-C₄ alkyl group; Y⁻ is an organic or inorganicanion such as bromide, chloride, acetate, borate, citrate, tartrate,bisulfate, bisulfite, sulfate or phosphate. These polymers are describedin particular in FR 2 080 759 and FR 2 190 406.

The cyclopolymers preferably comprise at least one unit of formula (V).

As regards the copolymers, they also comprise an acrylamide monomer.

Among the polymers defined above, mention may be made more particularlyof the dimethyldiallylammonium chloride homopolymer sold under the nameMerquat 100 by the company Nalco (and its homologues of lowweight-average molecular mass) and the copolymers ofdiallyldimethylammonium chloride and of acrylamide, sold under the nameMerquat 550.

(8) The diquaternary ammonium polymer containing repeating unitscorresponding to the formula:

in which formula:

-   R₁₀, R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃, which may be identical or different,    represent C₁-C₂₀ aliphatic, alicyclic or arylaliphatic radicals or    hydroxyalkylaliphatic radicals in which the alkyl radical is C₁-C₄,    or alternatively R₁₀, R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃, together or separately,    constitute, with the nitrogen atoms to which they are attached,    heterocycles optionally containing a second heteroatom other than    nitrogen, or alternatively R₁₀, R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃ represent a linear    or branched C₁-C₆ alkyl radical substituted with a nitrile, ester,    acyl or amide group or a group —CO—O—R₁₄-D or —CO—NH—R₁₄-D where R₁₄    is an alkylene and D is a quaternary ammonium group;-   A₁ and B₁ represent C₂-C₂₀ polymethylene groups which may be linear    or branched, and saturated or unsaturated, and which may contain,    linked to or intercalated in the main chain, one or more aromatic    rings or one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms or sulfoxide, sulfone,    disulfide, amino, alkylamino, hydroxyl, quaternary ammonium, ureido,    amide or ester groups, and-   X⁻ denotes an anion derived from an inorganic or organic acid;-   A₁, R₁₀ and R₁₂ can form, with the two nitrogen atoms to which they    are attached, a piperazine ring;-   in addition, if A₁ denotes a linear or branched, saturated or    unsaturated alkylene or hydroxyalkylene radical, B₁ can also denote    a —(CH₂)_(n)—CO-D-OC—(CH₂)_(n)— group in which n is between 1 and    100 and preferably between 1 and 50, and D denotes:

a) a glycol residue of formula: —O—Z—O—, where Z denotes a linear orbranched hydrocarbon-based radical or a group corresponding to one ofthe following formulae: —(CH₂—CH₂—O)_(x)—CH₂—CH2-;—[CH₂—CH(CH₃)—O]_(y)—CH₂—CH(CH₃)—, where x and y denote an integer from1 to 4, representing a defined and unique degree of polymerization orany number from 1 to 4 representing an average degree of polymerization;

b) a bis-secondary diamine residue such as a piperazine derivative;

c) a bis-primary diamine residue of formula: —NH—Y—NH—, where Y denotesa linear or branched hydrocarbon-based radical, or alternatively theradical —CH₂—CH₂—S—S—CH₂—CH₂;

d) a ureylene group of formula: —NH—CO—NH—.

Preferably, X⁻ is an anion such as chloride or bromide.

These polymers generally have a number-average molecular weight ofbetween 1000 and 100 000.

Polymers of this type are described in particular in FR 2 320 330, FR 2270 846, FR 2 316 271, FR 2 336 434, FR 2 413 907, U.S. Par. No.2,273,780, U.S. Pat. No. 2,375,853, U.S. Pat. No. 2,388,614, U.S. Pat.No. 2,454,547, U.S. Pat. No. 3,206,462, U.S. Pat. No. 2,261,002, U.S.Pat. No. 2,271,378, U.S. Pat. No. 3,874,870, U.S. Pat. No. 4,001,432,U.S. Pat. No. 3,929,990, U.S. Pat. No. 3,966,904, U.S. Pat. No.4,005,193, U.S. Pat. No. 4,025,617, U.S. Pat. No. 4,025,627, U.S. Pat.No. 4,025,653, U.S. Pat. No. 4,026,945 and U.S. Pat. No. 4,027,020.

It is more particularly possible to use polymers that consist ofrepeating units corresponding to the following formula (VIII):

in which R₁₀, R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃, which may be identical or different,denote a C₁-C₄ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical, n and p are integersranging from 2 to 20 approximately, and X⁻ is an anion derived from aninorganic or organic acid.

(9) Polyquaternary ammonium polymers consisting of repeating units offormula (IX):

in which p denotes an integer ranging from 1 to 6 approximately, D maybe zero or may represent a —(CH₂)_(r)—CO— group in which r denotes anumber equal to 4 or 7, and X⁻ is an anion;

Such polymers may be prepared according to the processes described inU.S. Pat. No. 4,157,388, U.S. Pat. No. 4,702,906 and U.S. Pat. No.4,719,282. They are especially described in patent application EP 122324.

Among these polymers, examples that may be mentioned include theproducts Mirapol A 15, Mirapol AD1, Mirapol AZ1 and Mirapol 175 sold bythe company Miranol.

(10) Quaternary polymers of vinylpyrrolidone and of vinylimidazole, forinstance the products sold under the names Luviquat FC 905, FC 550 andFC 370 by the company BASF.

(11) Polyamines such as Polyquart H sold by Cognis, referred to underthe name polyethylene glycol (15) tallow polyamine in the CTFAdictionary.

Other cationic polymers that may be used in the context of the inventionare polyalkyleneimines, in particular polyethyleneimines, polymerscontaining vinylpyridine or vinylpyridinium units, condensates ofpolyamines and of epichlorohydrin, polyquaternary ureylenes and chitinderivatives.

Among all the cationic polymers that may be used in the context of thepresent invention, it is preferred to use, alone or as mixtures,polymers of families (1), (7), (8) and (9). In accordance with one moreparticular embodiment of the invention, it is preferred to use polymersof families (7), (8) and (9).

According to an even more advantageous embodiment of the invention, useis made of polymers of families (7) and (8), alone or as mixtures, andmore preferentially still of polymers having repeating units of formulae(W) and (U) below:

and in particular those of which the molecular weight, determined by gelpermeation chromatography, is between 9500 and 9900;

and in particular those of which the molecular weight, determined by gelpermeation chromatography, is about 1200.

Generally, the content of cationic polymer(s) represents from 0.01% to10% by weight, more particularly from 0.05% to 6% by weight, and evenmore preferentially between 0.1% and 5% by weight, relative to theweight of the composition.

Non-Ionic Guar Gum

In accordance with one particularly advantageous embodiment of theinvention, the composition comprises at least one non-ionic guar gum.

The term “non-ionic guar gum” is intended to mean unmodified non-ionicguar gums and modified non-ionic guar gums.

The unmodified non-ionic guar gums are, for example, the products soldunder the name Vidogum GH 175 by the company Unipectine and under thenames Meypro-Guar 50 and Jaguar C by the company Rhodia Chimie.

The modified non-ionic guar gums are in particular modified with C₁-C₆hydroxyalkyl groups.

Among the hydroxyalkyl groups that may be mentioned, for example, arehydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl and hydroxybutyl groups.

These hydroxyalkylated guar gums are well known in the prior art and canbe prepared, for example, by reacting corresponding alkene oxides suchas, for example, propylene oxides, with the guar gum so as to obtain aguar gum modified with hydroxypropyl groups.

The degree of hydroxyalkylation, which corresponds to the number ofalkylene oxide molecules consumed by the number of free hydroxylfunctions present on the guar gum, preferably ranges from 0.4 to 1.2.

Such non-ionic guar gums optionally modified with hydroxyalkyl groupsare sold, for example, under the trade names Jaguar HP8, Jaguar HP60 andJaguar HP120, Jaguar DC 293 and Jaguar HP 105 by the company RhodiaChimie or under the name Galactasol 4H4FD2 by the company Aqualon.

Also suitable are non-ionic guar gums modified with hydroxyalkyl groups,more especially hydroxypropyl groups, modified with groups comprising atleast one C₆-C₃₀ fatty chain. By way of example of such compounds,mention may be made, inter alia, of the product Esaflor HM 22® (C₂₂alkyl chain) sold by the company Lamberti, and the products RE210-18®(C₁₄ alkyl chain) and RE205-1® (C₂₀ alkyl chain) sold by the companyRhône-Poulenc.

More particularly, the content of non-ionic guar gum(s), if this orthese compound(s) is or are present, ranges from 0.001% to 10% byweight, preferably from 0.01% to 5% by weight, relative to the totalweight of the composition.

Alkaline Agent

The composition according to the invention may optionally compriseaccording to one particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention,at least one alkaline agent.

This agent may be chosen from inorganic or organic or hybrid alkalineagents, or mixtures thereof.

The inorganic alkaline agent(s) are preferably chosen from aqueousammonia, alkali carbonates or bicarbonates such as sodium or potassiumcarbonates and sodium or potassium bicarbonates, sodium hydroxide orpotassium hydroxide, or mixtures thereof.

The organic alkaline agent(s) are preferably chosen from organic amineswith a pKb at 25° C. of less than 12, preferably less than 10 and evenmore advantageously less than 6. It should be noted that it is the pKbcorresponding to the function of highest basicity.

Mention may be made, as hybrid compounds, of the salts of theabovementioned amines with acids, such as carbonic acid or hydrochloricacid.

The organic alkaline agent(s) are chosen, for example, fromalkanolamines, oxyethylenated and/or oxypropylenated ethylenediamines,amino acids and the compounds having the formula below:

in which W is a C₁-C₆ alkylene residue optionally substituted with ahydroxyl group or a C₁-C₆ alkyl radical; Rx, Ry, Rz and Rt, which may beidentical or different, represent a hydrogen atom or a C₁-C₆ alkyl,C₁-C₆ hydroxyalkyl or C₁-C₆ aminoalkyl radical.

Examples of such amines that may be mentioned include1,3-diaminopropane, 1,3-diamino-2-propanol, spermine and spermidine.

The term “alkanolamine” means an organic amine comprising a primary,secondary or tertiary amine function, and one or more linear or branchedC₁-C₈ alkyl groups bearing one or more hydroxyl radicals.

Alkanolamines such as monoalkanolamines, dialkanolamines ortrialkanolamines comprising from one to three identical or differentC₁-C₄ hydroxyalkyl radicals are in particular suitable for implementingthe invention.

Among compounds of this type, mention may be made of monoethanolamine,diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monoisopropanolamine,diisopropanolamine, N-dimethylaminoethanolamine,2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol, triisopropanolamine,2-amino-2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, 3-amino-1,2-propanediol,3-dimethylamino-1,2-propanediol and tris(hydroxymethylamino)methane.

More particularly, the amino acids that may be used are of natural orsynthetic origin, in their L, D or racemic form, and comprise at leastone acid function chosen more particularly from carboxylic acid,sulfonic acid, phosphonic acid or phosphoric acid functions. The aminoacids can be in the neutral or ionic form.

Mention may in particular be made, as amino acids which can be used inthe present invention, of aspartic acid, glutamic acid, alanine,arginine, ornithine, citrulline, asparagine, carnitine, cysteine,glutamine, glycine, histidine, lysine, isoleucine, leucine, methionine,N-phenylalanine, proline, serine, taurine, threonine, tryptophan,tyrosine and valine.

Advantageously, the amino acids are basic amino acids comprising anadditional amine function optionally included in a ring or in a ureidofunction.

Such basic amino acids are preferably chosen from those corresponding tothe formula below:

in which R denotes a group chosen from:

The compounds corresponding to the formula above are histidine, lysine,arginine, ornithine and citrulline.

The organic amine may also be chosen from organic amines of heterocyclictype. Besides histidine that has already been mentioned in the aminoacids, mention may be made in particular of pyridine, piperidine,imidazole, triazole, tetrazole and benzimidazole.

The organic amine can also be chosen from amino acid dipeptides. Asamino acid dipeptides that may be used in the present invention, mentionmay be made especially of carnosine, anserine and balenine.

The organic amine is chosen from compounds comprising a guanidinefunction. As amines of this type that may be used in the presentinvention, besides arginine, which has already been mentioned as anamino acid, mention may be made especially of creatine, creatinine,1,1-dimethylguanidine, 1,1-diethylguanidine, glycocyamine, metformin,agmatine, N-amidinoalanine, 3-guanidinopropionic acid,4-guanidinobutyric acid and2-([amino(imino)methyl]amino)ethane-1-sulfonic acid.

As hybrid compounds, mention may be made in particular of guanidinecarbonate or monoethanolamine hydrochloride.

According to one embodiment of the invention, the dye composition usedin the process of the invention contains, as alkaline agent, aqueousammonia and/or at least one alkanolamine and/or at least one basic aminoacid, more advantageously aqueous ammonia and/or at least onealkanolamine.

Preferably, the alkaline agent is chosen from aqueous ammonia andmonoethanolamine, or mixtures thereof.

Even more preferentially, the alkaline agent is an alkanolamine andbetter still is monoethanolamine.

Advantageously, the composition has a content of alkaline agent(s), andpreferably of organic amine(s), when it (they) is (are) present, rangingfrom 0.01% to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.1% to 20% by weight andbetter still from 1% to 10% by weight, relative to the weight of saidcomposition. It should be noted that this content is expressed as NH₃when the alkaline agent is aqueous ammonia.

Oxidizing Agent

The composition according to the invention also comprises at least oneoxidizing agent.

It should be noted that the oxidizing agents present in the compositionare different from atmospheric oxygen.

In particular, the oxidizing agent(s) suitable for the present inventionare for example chosen from hydrogen peroxide, urea peroxide, alkalimetal bromates or ferricyanides, peroxygenated salts, for instancepersulfates, perborates, peracids and precursors thereof andpercarbonates of alkali metals or alkaline-earth metals. Advantageously,the oxidizing agent is hydrogen peroxide.

The oxidizing agent(s) generally represent(s) from 0.1% to 50% by weightand preferably from 1% to 20% by weight relative to the total weight ofthe composition according to the invention.

Additives

The composition may also contain various adjuvants conventionally usedin compositions for dyeing or lightening the hair, such as anionic,amphoteric or non-ionic polymers, or mixtures thereof; cationicsurfactants; antioxidants; penetrants; sequestrants; fragrances;dispersants; film-forming agents; ceramides; preservatives; opacifiers,vitamins.

The above adjuvants are generally present in an amount, for each ofthem, of between 0.01% and 20% by weight relative to the weight of thecomposition.

In a specific embodiment, the composition of the invention contains atleast one vitamin.

The vitamins that may be of use in the composition of the invention canin particular be chosen from vitamin C, A vitamins, B vitamins, Dvitamins, vitamin E and vitamin F, and derivatives thereof.

Vitamin C

Vitamin C corresponds to ascorbic acid which is generally in L form,since it is usually extracted from natural products. Ascorbic acidderivatives are, more particularly, its salts, such as in particularsodium ascorbate, magnesium ascorbyl phosphate or sodium ascorbylphosphate; it esters, for instance in particular its esters such asascorbyl acetate, ascorbyl palmitate and ascorbyl propionate; itsoxidized form, dehydroascorbic acid; or its sugars, such as inparticular glycosylated ascorbic acid, and mixtures thereof.

Vitamin B3

Vitamin B3, also known as vitamin PP, is a compound of formula

in which R can be —CONH₂ (niacinamide), —COOH (nicotinic acid orniacin), or CH₂OH (nicotinyl alcohol), —CO—NH—CH₂—COOH (nicotinuricacid) or —CO—NH—OH (niconityl hydroxamic acid).

As vitamin B3 derivatives, mention may, for example, be made ofnicotinic acid esters such as tocopheryl nicotinate, amides derived fromniacinamide by substitution of hydrogen groups of —CONH₂, products ofreaction with carboxylic acids and amino acids, and esters of nicotinylalcohol and of carboxylic acids such as acetic acid, salicylic acid,glycolic acid or palmitic acid. Mention may also be made of thefollowing derivatives: 2-chloronicotinamide, 6-methylnicotinamide,6-aminonicotinamide, N-methylnicotinamide, N,N-dimethylnicotinamide,N-(hydroxymethyl)nicotinamide, quinolinic acid imide, nicotinanilide,N-benzylnicotinamide, N-ethylnicotinamide, nifenazone, nicotinaldehyde,isonicotinic acid, methylisonicotinic acid, thionicotinamide, nialamide,2-mercaptonicotinic acid, nicomol et niaprazine.

As other vitamin B3 derivatives, mention may also be made of itsinorganic salts, such as chlorides, bromides, iodides or carbonates, andits organic salts, such as the salts obtained by reaction withcarboxylic acids, such as acetate, salicylate, glycolate, lactate,malate, citrate, mandelate, tartrate, etc.

Vitamin B5 Vitamin B5 is Pantothenic Acid

As vitamin B5 derivatives, use may be made of panthenol or panthenylalcohol or 2,4-dihydroxy-N-(3-hydroxypropyl)-3,3-dimethylbutanamide, inits various forms: D-panthenol, DL-panthenol which is the alcohol formof pantothenic acid and one of its precursors. Use may also be made, asderivatives, of calcium pantothenate, pantethine, pantotheine, panthenylethyl ether, pangamic acid, pyridoxine, pantoyl lactose, and naturalcompounds containing same, such as royal jelly.

Vitamin D

As vitamin D, mention may be made of vitaminD1(lumisterol(1)/calciferol(1) complex), vitamin D2 (calciferol) andvitamin D3 (colecalciferol). By way of derivatives, mention may be madeof vitamin D analogues such as those described in documentWO-A-00/26167, for instance:

-   3-hydroxymethyl-5-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-5- or    6-methylhexyl)phenyl]vinyl}phenol,-   3-[3-(5-hydroxy-1,5-(dimethyphexyl)phenoxymethyl]-5-hydroxymethylphenol,-   6-[3-(3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-methylhepta-3,5-dien-2-ol,-   6-[3-(3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-methylhexan-2-ol,-   6-[3-(3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)phenoxymethyl)phenyl]-2-methylheptan-2-ol,-   7-[3-(3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)phenoxymethyl)phenyl]-3-ethyloctan-3-ol,-   5-{2-[4-(5-hydroxy-5-methylhexyl)phenyl]-vinylou-ethyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3- or    4-(6-hydroxy-6-methylheptyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3- or    4-(6-hydroxy-6-methylheptyl)phenyl]ethyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   2-hydroxymethyl-4-{2-[3- or    4-(5-hydroxy-5-methylhexyl)phenyl]vinyl}phenol,-   2-hydroxymethyl-4-{2-[3 or    4-(6-hydroxy-6-methylheptyl)phenyl]vinyl}phenol,-   2-hydroxymethyl-4-{2-[3- or    4-(5-hydroxy-5-methylheptyl)phenyl]ethyl}phenol,-   2-hydroxymethyl-4-{2-[3- or    4-(6-hydroxy-6-methylheptyl)phenyl]ethyl}phenol,-   2-hydroxymethyl-5-{2-[4-(5-hydroxy-5-methylhexyl)phenyl]vinyl}phenol,-   6-[3-(3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)benzyloxy)phenyl]-2-methylheptan-2-ol,-   4-[3-(5-hydroxy-1,5-(dimethyphexyl)phenoxymethyl]-2-hydroxymethylphenol,-   6-{3- or    4-[2-(3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)vinyl]phenyl}-2-methylhexan-2-ol,-   7-{4-[2-(3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)vinyl]phenyl}-2-methylheptan-2-ol,-   5-{2-[3-(6-hydroxy-6-methylheptyl)phenyl]-1-methylvinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-5-methylhexyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-[3-(6-hydroxy-6-methylheptyl)phenoxymethyl]benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3-(7-hydroxy-7-methyloct-1-enyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3-(7-hydroxy-7-methyloctyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   4-{2-[3-(6-hydroxy-6-methylheptyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,2-diol,-   3-{2-[3-(6-hydroxy-6-methylheptyl)phenyl]vinyl}phenol,-   6-{3-[2-(3,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)vinyl]phenyl}-2-methylhexan-2-ol,-   3-{2-[3-(7-hydroxy-7-methyloctyl)phenyl]vinyl}phenol,-   7-{3-[2-(3,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)vinyl]phenyl}-2-methylheptan-2-ol,-   7-{3-[2-(3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)phenyl)vinyl]phenyl}-2-methylheptan-2-ol,-   7-{3-[2-(4-hydroxymethylphenyl)vinyl]phenyl}-2-methylheptan-2-ol,-   4-{2-[3-(7-hydroxy-7-methyloct-1-enyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,2-diol,-   7-[3-(3,4-bis(hydroxymethyl)phenylethynyl)phenyl]-2-methylheptan-2-ol,-   5-{2-[3-(6-hydroxy-6-methylhept-1-enyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3-(7-ethyl-7-hydroxynon-1-enyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3-(7-hydroxy-1-methoxy-1,7-dimethyloctyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3-(6-hydroxy-1-methoxy-1,6-dimethylheptyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3-(5-hydroxypentyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-6-methylheptyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3-(6-hydroxy-7-methyloctyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3-(5-hydroxy-6-methylhept-1-enyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3-(6-hydroxy-7-methyloct-1-enyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3-(1,6-dihydroxy-1,6-dimethylheptyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol,-   5-{2-[3-(6-hydroxy-1,6-(dimethyl)hept-1-enyl)phenyl]vinyl}benzene-1,3-diol.

Vitamin F

Vitamin F is a mixture of essential fatty acids, i.e. of unsaturatedacids which have at least one double bond, such as linoleic acid or9,12-octadecadienoic acid and its stereoisomers, linolenic acid in aform (9,12,15-octadecatrienoic acid) or γ form (6,9,12-octadecatrienoicacid) and their stereoisomers, arachidonic acid or5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic acid and its stereoisomers.

Vitamin F, or mixtures of unsaturated acids which have at least onedouble bond and in particular mixtures of linoleic acid, linolenic acidand arachidonic acid, or the compounds containing same, and inparticular oils of vegetable origin containing same, for instance jojobaoil, can be used in the composition of the present invention.

Vitamin E

Vitamin E is alpha-tocopherol.

The vitamin E derivatives can be chosen from esters of vitamin E, and inparticular the acetate, succinate or nicotinate.

The composition of the invention can comprise one or more vitamins, ofthe same category or of different categories.

Preferably, the vitamins are chosen from water-soluble vitamins and inparticular vitamins B or C.

According to one particular embodiment, the composition comprises atleast vitamin C in ascorbic acid form.

The vitamin(s) may be present in an amount ranging from 0.005% to 1% byweight, and preferably from 0.1% to 1% by weight, of active materialrelative to the total weight of the composition.

The composition according to the invention may comprise water and/or oneor more organic solvents.

Examples of organic solvents that may be mentioned include linear orbranched and preferably saturated monoalcohols or diols, comprising 2 to10 carbon atoms, such as ethyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, hexyleneglycol (2-methyl-2,4-pentanediol), neopentyl glycol and3-methyl-1,5-pentanediol, butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol andpropylene glycol; aromatic alcohols such as benzyl alcohol orphenylethyl alcohol; polyols containing more than two hydroxylfunctions, such as glycerol; polyol ethers, for instance ethylene glycolmonomethyl, monoethyl or monobutyl ether, propylene glycol or ethersthereof, for instance propylene glycol monomethyl ether; and alsodiethylene glycol alkyl ethers, especially C₁-C₄ alkyl ethers, forinstance diethylene glycol monoethyl ether or monobutyl ether, alone oras a mixture.

The organic solvents, when they are present, generally represent between1% and 40% by weight relative to the total weight of the dyecomposition, and preferably between 5% and 30% by weight relative to thetotal weight of the dye composition.

The composition is preferably aqueous.

In this case, it preferably comprises from 30% to 95% by weight ofwater, better still from 40% to 90% by weight of water and even betterstill from 50% to 85% by weight of water relative to the total weight ofthe composition.

The pH of the composition according to the invention, if it is aqueous,generally ranges from 6 to 11 and preferentially from 8.5 to 11.

It can be adjusted by adding acidifying agents, such as hydrochloricacid, (ortho)phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, boric acid, and alsocarboxylic acids, for instance acetic acid, lactic acid or citric acid,or sulfonic acids. Alkaline agents such as those previously mentionedmay also be used.

Dyeing Process

The composition described previously is applied to wet or dry keratinfibres.

It is usually left in place on the fibres for a time generally of from 1minute to 1 hour and preferably from 5 minutes to 30 minutes. Thetemperature during the dyeing process is conventionally between ambienttemperature (between 15° C. and 25° C.) and 80° C. and preferablybetween ambient temperature and 60° C.

On conclusion of the treatment, the human keratin fibres areadvantageously rinsed with water. They can optionally be washed with ashampoo, followed by rinsing with water, before being dried or left todry.

The composition applied in the process according to the invention isgenerally prepared extemporaneously before the application, by mixing atleast two formulations.

In particular, a formulation (A) free of oxidizing agent different fromatmospheric oxygen and comprising colouring agent chosen from oxidationdye precursors, direct dyes and mixtures thereof; at least one anionicsurfactant and a formulation (B) comprising at least one oxidizing agentdifferent from atmospheric oxygen are mixed; both or either of thecompositions comprising at least one fatty substance, at least onecationic polymer, at least one amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant; atleast one non-ionic surfactant; at least one anionic surfactant; themixture obtained from formulations (A) and (B) comprising at least 10%by weight of fatty substance relative to the total weight of thecomposition (of the mixture).

Advantageously, formulation (A) comprises at least one amphoteric orzwitterionic surfactant; at least one non-ionic surfactant; at least oneanionic surfactant.

Advantageously, formulations (A) and (B) are aqueous.

The term “aqueous formulation” is intended to mean a compositioncomprising at least 5% by weight of water, relative to the weight ofthis formulation.

Preferably, an aqueous formulation comprises more than 10% by weight ofwater and even more advantageously more than 20% by weight of water.

Preferably, formulation (A) comprises at least one fatty substance,preferably at a content of at least 50% by weight, and even morepreferentially at least 50% by weight of fatty substances that areliquid at ambient temperature (25° C.), relative to the weight of thisformulation (A).

Advantageously, formulation (A) is a direct emulsion (oil-in-water: O/W)or an inverse emulsion (water-in-oil: W/O), and preferably a directemulsion (O/W).

More particularly, formulation (A) comprises at least one basifyingagent.

As regards formulation (B) comprising the oxidizing agent as previouslydefined, it can also comprise one or more basifying agents as previouslyindicated.

Usually, the pH of the oxidizing composition, when it is aqueous, isless than 7.

Preferably, the oxidizing composition comprises hydrogen peroxide asoxidizing agent, in aqueous solution, the concentration of which varies,more particularly, from 0.1% to 50%, more particularly between 0.5% and20% and even more preferentially between 1% and 15% by weight, relativeto the weight of the oxidizing composition.

In accordance with one particular variant of the invention, thecomposition (B) comprises at least one fatty substance.

Preferably, in the case of this variant, the fatty substance content isat least 5% by weight, preferably at least 10% by weight, and moreadvantageously at least 15% of fatty substances that are liquid atambient temperature (25° C.), relative to the weight of thisformulation.

According to another advantageous variant of the invention, formulation(B) comprises at least one cationic polymer.

Moreover, formulations (A) and (B) are preferably mixed together beforeuse, in an (A)/(B) weight ratio ranging from 0.2 to 10 and better stillfrom 0.5 to 2.

In addition, the composition used in the process according to theinvention, i.e. the composition resulting from mixing together the twoformulations (A) and (B), has a fatty substance content of at least 10%by weight of fatty substance, relative to the weight of the compositionresulting from mixing together the two abovementioned formulations.

Everything that has been described previously concerning the ingredientsof the composition according to the invention remains valid in the caseof formulations (A) and (B), the contents taking into account the degreeof dilution during mixing.

The examples that follow serve to illustrate the invention without,however, being limiting in nature.

EXAMPLE

The following compositions are prepared (the amounts are expressed in g% of active material):

Composition 1:

Resorcinol 0.5 Ethanolamine 5 Sodium laureth sulfate comprising 2 OE1.75 Hydroxypropyl guar 1 Ascorbic acid 0.5N,N-Bis(2-hydroxyethyl)-p-phenylenediamine sulfate 0.073 m-Aminophenol0.18 EDTA 0.2 2-Methylresorcinol 0.1 PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil 12,4-Diaminophenoxyethanol hydrochloride 0.019 Cocobetaine 3 Sodiumchloride 0.65 Sodium metabisulfite 0.5 Mineral oil 60 2,5-Toluenediamine0.6732 Water q.s. for 100

Composition 2:

Tocopherol 0.1 Sodium stannate 0.04 Pentasodium pentetate 0.06Polyquaternium-6 0.2 Glycerol 0.5 Cetearyl alcohol 6 Hexadimethrinechloride 0.15 Hydrogen peroxide 6 Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 0.03 Mineraloil 20 PEG-4 Rapeseedamide 1.19 Steareth-20 5 Phosphoric acid q.s. forpH 2.2 Water q.s. for 100

Application Method:

The two compositions are mixed together at the time of use in thefollowing proportions: 10 g of composition 1 with 15 g of composition 2.

The resulting mixture is easily applied to locks of dark chestnut hairin a proportion of 10 g of mixture for 1 g of hair, for 30 minutes atambient temperature (20° C.).

The hair is then easily rinsed, then washed with a standard shampoo anddried.

A light chestnut colour is obtained.

Composition 3:

Ethanolamine 5 Sodium laureth sulfate comprising 2.2 OE 1.75Hydroxypropyl guar 1 Ascorbic acid 0.5N,N-bis(2-Hydroxyethyl)-p-phenylenediamine 0.073 sulphate EDTA 0.2PEG-40 hydrogenated castor oil 1 Cocobetaine 3 Sodium chloride 0.65Sodium metabisulfite 0.5 Basic Yellow 87 0.3 Basic Orange 31 0.225Mineral oil 60 Water q.s. for 100

Composition 4:

Tocopherol 0.1 Sodium stannate 0.04 Pentasodium pentetate 0.06Polyquaternium-6 0.2 Glycerol 0.5 Cetearyl alcohol 6 Hexadimethrinechloride 0.15 Hydrogen peroxide 6 Tetrasodium pyrophosphate 0.03 Mineraloil 20 PEG-4 Rapeseedamide 1.19 Steareth-20 5 Phosphoric acid q.s. forpH 2.2 Water q.s. for 100

Application Method:

The two compositions are mixed at the time of use in the followingproportions: 10 g of composition 3 with 15 g of composition 4.

The resulting mixture is easily applied to locks of dark chestnut hairin a proportion of 10 g of mixture for 1 g of hair, for 30 minutes atambient temperature (20° C.).

The hair is then easily rinsed, then washed with a standard shampoo anddried.

A coppery light chestnut colour is obtained.

1. Composition for dyeing human keratin fibres, comprising: (a) at leastone colouring agent chosen from oxidation dye precursors, direct dyesand mixtures thereof; (b) at least one amphoteric or zwitterionicsurfactant; (c) at least one non-ionic surfactant; (d) at least oneanionic surfactant (e) one or more fatty substances at a total contentof at least 10% by weight relative to the weight of the composition; (f)at least one cationic polymer; (g) at least one oxidizing agent otherthan atmospheric oxygen.
 2. Composition according to claim 1,characterized in that the oxidation dye precursor(s) are chosen fromoxidation bases, in particular from para-phenylenediamines,bis(phenyl)alkylenediamines, para-aminophenols, ortho-aminophenols andheterocyclic bases, and the addition salts thereof.
 3. Compositionaccording to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the oxidation dyeprecursor(s) are chosen from couplers, in particular frommeta-phenylenediamines, meta-aminophenols, meta-diphenols, naphthalenecouplers, heterocyclic couplers and the addition salts of thesecompounds with an acid.
 4. Composition according to any one of thepreceding claims, characterized in that the direct dye(s) is (are)chosen from azo direct dyes; (poly)methin dyes, such as cyanines,hemicyanines and styryl dyes; carbonyl dyes; azine dyes; nitro(hetero)aryl dyes; tri(hetero)arylmethane dyes; porphyrins;phthalocyanines and natural direct dyes, alone or as mixtures. 5.Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterizedin that it comprises one or more cationic direct dyes.
 6. Compositionaccording to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that itcomprises one or more hydrazono cationic dyes of formulae (II) and (III)or azo cationic dyes (IV) and (V) below:Het⁺-C(R_(a))═N—N(R_(b))—Ar, Q⁻  (II)Het⁺-N(R_(a))—N═C(R_(b))—Ar, Q⁻  (III)Het⁺-N═N—Ar, Q⁻  (IV)Ar⁺—N═N—Ar″, Q⁻  (V) in which formulae (II) to (III): Het⁺ represents acationic heteroaryl radical, preferably carrying an endocyclic cationiccharge, such as imidazolium, indolium or pyridinium, which is optionallysubstituted, preferentially with at least one (C₁-C₈)alkyl group such asmethyl; Ar⁺ represents an aryl radical, such as phenyl or naphthyl,carrying an exocyclic cationic charge, preferentially ammonium,particularly tri(C₁-C₈)alkylammonium, such as trimethylammonium; Arrepresents an aryl group, in particular phenyl, which is optionallysubstituted, preferentially with one or more electron-donating groups,such as i) optionally substituted (C₁-C₈)alkyl, ii) optionallysubstituted (C₁-C₈)alkoxy, iii) (di)(C₁-C₈)(alkyl)amino optionallysubstituted on the alkyl group(s) with a hydroxyl group, iv)aryl(C₁-C₈)alkylamino, v) optionally substitutedN—(C₁-C₈)alkyl-N-aryl(C₁-C₈)alkylamino, or else Ar represents ajulolidine group; Ar″ represents a (hetero)aryl group which isoptionally substituted, such as phenyl or pyrazolyl which is optionallysubstituted, preferentially with one or more (C₁-C₈)alkyl, hydroxyl,(di)(C₁-C₈)(alkyl)amino, (C₁-C₈)alkoxy or phenyl groups; R_(a) andR_(b), which may be identical or different, represent a hydrogen atom ora (C₁-C₈)alkyl group which is optionally substituted, preferentiallywith a hydroxyl group; or else the substituent R_(a) with a substituentof Het⁺ and/or R_(b) with a substituent of Ar form, together with theatoms which bear them, a (hetero)cycloalkyl; in particular, R_(a) andR_(b) represent a hydrogen atom or a (C₁-C₄)alkyl group which isoptionally substituted with a hydroxyl group; Q⁻ represents an organicor inorganic anionic counterion, such as a halide or an alkyl sulfate;more particularly, the cationic direct dyes of formulae (II) to (V)carry endocyclic cationic charges.
 7. Composition according to any oneof the preceding claims, characterized in that the amphoteric orzwitterionic surfactant(s) are chosen from the derivatives of optionallyquaternized aliphatic secondary or tertiary amines, in which derivativesthe aliphatic group is a linear or branched chain comprising from 8 to22 carbon atoms, said amine derivatives containing at least one anionicgroup, for instance a carboxylate, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate orphosphonate group.
 8. Composition according to the preceding claim,characterized in that the amphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant(s) arechosen from the following compounds, alone or as mixtures:(C₈-C₂₀)alkylbetaines, (C₈-C₂₀)alkylsulfobetaines,(C₈-C₂₀)alkylamido(C₃-C₈)alkylbetaines,(C₈-C₂₀)alkylamido(C₆-C₈)alkylsulfobetaines, the compounds of followingstructure (B1):R_(a)—C(O)—NH—CH₂—CH₂—N⁺(R_(b))(R_(c))—CH₂C(O)O⁻, M⁺, X⁻  (B1) in whichformula: R_(a) represents a C₁₀-C₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl group derived froman acid R_(a)—COOH preferably present in hydrolysed coconut oil, or aheptyl, nonyl or undecyl group; R_(b) represents a β-hydroxyethyl group;and R_(c) represents a carboxymethyl group; M⁺ represents a cationiccounterion derived from an alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal, such assodium, an ammonium ion or an ion derived from an organic amine, and X⁻represents an organic or inorganic anionic counterion, such as thatchosen from halides, acetates, phosphates, nitrates, (C₁-C₄)alkylsulfates, (C₁-C₄)alkyl- or (C₁-C₄)alkylarylsulfonates, in particularmethyl sulfate and ethyl sulfate; or alternatively M⁺ and X⁻ are absent,the compounds of following structure (B2):R_(a)—C(O)—NH—CH₂—CH₂—N(B)(B′)   (B2) in which formula: B represents thegroup —CH₂—CH₂—O—X′; B′ represents the group —(CH₂)_(z)Y′, with z=1 or2; X′ represents the group —CH₂—C(O)OH, —CH₂—C(O)OZ′, —CH₂—CH₂—C(O)OH,—CH₂—CH₂—C(O)OZ′, or a hydrogen atom; Y′ represents the group —C(O)OH,—C(O)OZ′, —CH₂—CH(OH)—SO₃H or the group —CH₂—CH(OH)—SO₃—Z′; Z′represents a cationic counterion derived from an alkali metal oralkaline-earth metal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion derivedfrom an organic amine; R_(a)′ represents a C₁₀-C₃₀ alkyl or alkenylgroup of an acid R_(a)—C(O)OH preferably present in hydrolysed linseedoil or coconut oil, an alkyl group, especially of C₁₇ and its iso form,or an unsaturated C₁₇ group, the compounds of formula (B′2):R_(a″)—NH—CH(Y″)—(CH₂)n-C(O)—NH—(CH₂)n′-N(R_(d))(R_(e))   (B′2) in whichformula: Y″ represents the group —C(O)OH, —C(O)OZ″, —CH₂—CH(OH)—SO₃H orthe group —CH₂—CH(OH)—SO₃—Z″; R_(d) and R_(e) represent, independentlyof one another, a C₁-C₄ alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radical; and Z″ representsa cationic counterion derived from an alkali metal or alkaline-earthmetal, such as sodium, an ammonium ion or an ion derived from an organicamine; R_(a″) represents a C₁₀-C₃₀ alkyl or alkenyl group of an acidR_(a″)—C(O)OH preferably present in hydrolysed linseed oil or coconutoil; n and n′ denote, independently of one another, an integer rangingfrom 1 to
 3. 9. Composition according to any one of the precedingclaims, characterized in that the content of amphoteric or zwitterionicsurfactant(s) ranges from 0.1% to 30% by weight, preferably from 0.5% to20% by weight and more preferably from 1% to 10% by weight, relative tothe total weight of the composition.
 10. Composition according to anyone of the preceding claims, characterized in that the non-ionicsurfactant(s) are chosen from oxyalkylenated, or glycerolated, non-ionicsurfactants, in particular the following surfactants, alone or asmixtures: oxyalkylenated (C₈-C₂₄)alkylphenols; saturated or unsaturated,linear or branched, oxyalkylenated or glycerolated C₈-C₃₀ alcohols;saturated or unsaturated, linear or branched, oxyalkylenated C₈-C₃₀fatty acid amides; esters of saturated or unsaturated, linear orbranched, C₈-C₃₀ acids and of polyethylene glycols; esters of saturatedor unsaturated, linear or branched, C₈-C₃₀ acids and of sorbitol, whichare preferably oxyethylenated; fatty acid esters of sucrose;(C₈-C₃₀)alkylpolyglycosides, (C₈-C₃₀)alkenylpolyglycosides, which areoptionally oxyalkylenated (0 to 10 oxyalkylene units) and which comprise1 to 15 glucose units, (C₈-C₃₀)alkylglucoside esters; oxyethylenated andsaturated or unsaturated vegetable oils; condensates of ethylene oxideand/or of propylene oxide, inter alia, alone or as mixtures;N—(C₈-C₃₀)alkylglucamine derivatives and N—(C₈-C₃₀)acyl-methylglucaminederivatives; aldobionamides; amine oxides; oxyethylenated and/oroxypropylenated silicones; the oxyalkylene units being more particularlyoxyethylene or oxypropylene units, or a combination thereof, preferablyoxyethylene units; the number of moles of ethylene oxide and/or ofpropylene oxide preferably ranges from 1 to 100, more particularly from2 to 50; the number of moles of glycerol ranges in particular from 1 to30.
 11. Composition according to any of the preceding claims,characterized in that the content of non-ionic surfactant(s) ranges from0.1% to 30% by weight, preferably from 1% to 20% by weight and morepreferably from 1% to 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of thecomposition.
 12. Composition according to any one of the precedingclaims, characterized in that the anionic surfactant(s) are chosen fromalkyl sulfates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkylamido ether sulfates,alkylaryl polyether sulfates, monoglyceride sulfates, alkyl sulfonates,alkylamide sulfonates, alkylaryl sulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates,paraffin sulfonates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl ether sulfosuccinates,alkylamide sulfosuccinates, alkyl sulfoacetates, acyl sarcosinates, acylglutamates, alkyl sulfosuccinamates, acyl isethionates and N-acyltaurates; salts of alkyl monoesters of polyglycoside-polycarboxylicacids, acyl lactylates, salts of D-galactoside uronic acids, salts ofalkyl ether carboxylic acids, salts of alkylaryl ether carboxylic acids,salts of alkylamido ether carboxylic acids, and the correspondingnon-salified forms of all these compounds, the alkyl and acyl groups ofall these compounds comprising from 6 to 40 carbon atoms, and the arylgroup denoting a phenyl group, it being possible for these compounds tobe oxyethylenated and then comprise preferably from 1 to 50 ethyleneoxide units.
 13. Composition according to any one of the precedingclaims, characterized in that the content of anionic surfactant(s)ranges from 0.1% to 30% by weight, preferably from 1% to 20% by weightand more preferably from 1% to 10% by weight, relative to the totalweight of the composition.
 14. Composition according to any one of thepreceding claims, characterized in that the fatty substance(s) arechosen from C₆-C₁₆ alkanes, non-silicone oils of mineral, vegetable,animal or synthetic origin, fatty alcohols, fatty acid esters, fattyalcohol esters, non-silicone waxes and silicones.
 15. Compositionaccording to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that thefatty substance(s) are chosen from liquid petroleum jelly, C₆-C₁₆alkanes, polydecenes, and fatty acid or fatty alcohol esters, which areliquid, or mixtures thereof.
 16. Composition according to any one of thepreceding claims, characterized in that the fatty substanceconcentration is at least 15% by weight, more advantageously at least20% by weight, relative to the total weight of the composition, and upto 70% by weight relative to the total weight of the composition. 17.Composition according to any one of the preceding claims, characterizedin that the cationic polymer(s) have a charge density of at least 1meq/g.
 18. Composition according to any one of the preceding claims,characterized in that the cationic polymer(s) are chosen from thefollowing polymers, alone or as mixtures: (1) Homopolymers or copolymersderived from acrylic or methacrylic esters or amides and comprising atleast one of the units of formula (I), (II), (Ill) or (IV) below:

in which: R₃, which may be identical or different, denote a hydrogenatom or a CH₃ radical; A, which may be identical or different, representa linear or branched C₁-C₆ alkyl group or a hydroxyalkyl group, thealkyl of which is C₁-C₄; R₄, R₅ and R₆, which may be identical ordifferent, represent a C₁-C₁₈ alkyl group or a benzyl radical; R₁ andR₂, which may be identical or different, represent hydrogen or a C₁-C₆alkyl group; (2) Cationic cellulose derivatives; (3) Cationic guar gums;(4) Polymers consisting of piperazinyl units and of linear or brancheddivalent alkyl or hydroxyalkyl radicals, optionally interrupted withoxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms or with aromatic or heterocyclic rings,and also the oxidation and/or quaternization products of these polymers;(5) Water-soluble polyaminoamides which are optionally crosslinked; (6)Polymers obtained by reaction of a polyalkylene polyamine containing twoprimary amine groups and at least one secondary amine group with adicarboxylic acid; (7) Cyclopolymers of alkyldiallylamine or ofdialkyldiallylammonium, in the form of homopolymers or copolymerscontaining, as main constituent of the chain, units corresponding toformula (V) or (VI):

in which formulae k and t are equal to 0 or 1, the sum k+t being equalto 1; R₉ denotes a hydrogen atom or a methyl radical; R₇ and R₈,independently of one another, denote a C₁-C₈ alkyl group, a hydroxyalkylgroup in which the alkyl group is C₁-C₅, an amidoalkyl group in whichthe alkyl is C₁-C₄; R₇ and R₈ can also denote, together with thenitrogen atom to which they are attached, a heterocyclic group; Y⁻ is anorganic or inorganic anion; (8) The diquaternary ammonium polymerscontaining repeating units corresponding to the formula:

in which formula (VII): R₁₀, R₁₁, R₁₂ and R₁₃, which may be identical ordifferent, represent linear, branched or cyclic, saturated, unsaturatedor aromatic, C₁-C₂₀ hydrocarbon-based radicals, linear or branchedhydroxyalkyl radicals in which the alkyl part is C₁-C₄, or linear orbranched C₁-C₆ alkyl radicals, substituted with a nitrile, ester, acylor amide group or a group —CO—O—R₁₄-D or —CO—NH-R₁₄-D with R₁₄representing an alkyl radical and D a quaternary ammonium group, orform, together or separately, with the nitrogen atoms to which they areattached, heterocycles optionally containing a second heteroatom otherthan nitrogen; A₁ and B₁ represent linear or branched, saturated orunsaturated, C₂-C₂₀ radicals, optionally substituted or interrupted withone or more aromatic rings, oxygen or sulfur atoms or groups bearing atleast one of these atoms; X⁻ denotes an organic or inorganic anion; A₁,R₁₀ and R₁₂ can form, with the two nitrogen atoms to which they areattached, a piperazine ring; in addition, if A₁ denotes a linear orbranched, saturated or unsaturated alkylene or hydroxyalkylene radical,B₁ can also denote a —(CH₂)_(n)CO-D-OC(CH₂)_(n)— group in which n isbetween 1 and 100, and D denotes a glycol, bis-secondary diamine,bis-primary diamine or ureylene residue; (9) Polyquaternary ammoniumpolymers consisting of repeating units of formula (IX):

in which p denotes an integer ranging from 1 to 6, D may be zero or mayrepresent a —(OH₂)_(r)—CO— group in which r denotes a number equal to 4or 7, and X⁻ is an organic or inorganic anion; (10) Quaternary polymersof vinylpyrrolidone and of vinylimidazole; (11) Polyamines. 19.Composition according to claim 18, characterized in that the cationicpolymer(s) are chosen from the polymers (1), (7), (8) and (9),preferably (7), (8) and (9), alone or as mixtures.
 20. Compositionaccording to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that thecontent of cationic polymer(s) represents from 0.01% to 10% by weight,more particularly from 0.05% to 6% by weight and even morepreferentially between 0.1% and 5% by weight, relative to the weight ofthe composition.
 21. Composition according to any one of the precedingclaims, characterized in that it comprises at least one oxidizing agentother than atmospheric oxygen, preferably hydrogen peroxide.
 22. Processfor dyeing human keratin fibres, in which a composition according to anyone of claims 1 to 21 is applied.
 23. Process according to the precedingclaim, in which the composition is obtained by mixing a firstcomposition free of oxidizing agent other than atmospheric oxygen,comprising at least one colouring agent chosen from oxidation dyeprecursors, direct dyes and mixtures thereof; with a second compositioncomprising at least one oxidizing agent other than atmospheric oxygen;both or either of the two compositions comprising at least one fattysubstance, at least one cationic polymer, at least one amphoteric orzwitterionic surfactant; the resulting mixture having a total fattysubstance content of at least 10% by weight relative to the weight ofthe mixture; the first composition preferably comprising at least oneamphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant, at least one non-ionicsurfactant, at least one anionic surfactant.
 24. Process according tothe preceding claim, in which the oxidizing composition comprises atleast one cationic polymer.
 25. Multicompartment device suitable forcarrying out the process according to any one of claims 22 to 24,comprising a compartment containing a composition free of oxidizingagent other than atmospheric oxygen, comprising at least one colouringagent chosen from oxidation dye precursors, direct dyes and mixturesthereof; a compartment containing an oxidizing composition; both oreither of the compositions of the two compartments comprising at leastone fatty substance, at least one cationic polymer, at least oneamphoteric or zwitterionic surfactant, at least one anionic surfactant;the two compartments being mixed before use so as to obtain acomposition according to any one of claims 1 to 21 and the firstcomposition preferably comprising at least one amphoteric orzwitterionic surfactant, at least one non-ionic surfactant, at least oneanionic surfactant.